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 July 29

1099:  Pope Urban II, the man behind the First
Crusade, passed away.  Considering the
impact of the Crusades on the Jews of Europe, his impact on Jewish history is
self-obvious.

1108: Philip
I, King of France one of whose subj…

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As civilization advances, the sense of wonder almost necessarily declines. Such decline is an alarming symptom of our state of …