The 390 and 40 Years of Ezekiel 4:4-6, Part II :: By Randy Nettles
Before the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple in 587/586 BC, Ezekiel was given a prophecy in approximately 593 BC regarding the siege of Jerusalem that would soon occur. God gave Ezekiel instructions on symbolically acting out the actual siege as described in Ezekiel 4:1-3.
THE YEARS OF INIQUITY THEORY
While Ezekiel, as God’s representative, carries out the siege of Jerusalem in a symbolic manner, he is to portray the destiny of the people of Israel starting with the actual siege of Jerusalem (which will begin in 588 BC and end in 586 BC). Lying upon his left side for 390 days without turning, he is to bear the guilt of Israel’s (northern kingdom) iniquity; then, lying 40 days more upon his right side, he is to bear the guilt of Judah’s (southern kingdom) iniquity.
“Lie you also upon your left side, and lay the iniquity of the house of Israel upon it: according to the number of the days that you shall lie upon it you shall bear their iniquity. For I have laid upon you the years of their iniquity, according to the number of the days, three hundred and ninety days: so shall you bear the iniquity of the house of Israel. And when you have accomplished them, lie again on your right side, and you shall bear the iniquity of the house of Judah forty days: I have appointed you each day for a year” (Ezekiel 4:4-6).
So, each day Ezekiel lays on his side represents a year of iniquity for either the house of Israel (left side) or Judah (right side). In so doing, the number of days he reclines upon his sides shall be accounted as equal to the same number of years of their iniquity (disobeying God’s statutes and commandments, especially the first and second commandments), according to God’s reckoning. This is the second theory regarding the timeframe of the Ezekiel 4 prophecy, and in my opinion, is the correct interpretation. The first theory was explained in part I, The 390 and 40 Years of Ezekiel 4:4-6 :: By Randy Nettles – Rapture Ready.
The total number of years of iniquity for both Israel and Judah is 430 (390 + 40 = 430). I believe these 430 years of Ezekiel 4:4-6 follow in chronological order two other 400 + biblical timelines, namely Exodus 12:40-41 and 1 Kings 6:1. Let’s review these timelines and, in so doing, review Israel’s history starting with the father of the Israelites (and other nations), Abraham.
THE 430 YEARS OF EXODUS 12:40-41 (1876 – 1446 BC)
Abraham (his name was Abram at the time) entered the Promised Land of Canaan in 1876 BC after God made a promise to him regarding a land He would give to him. God appeared to him in Shechem and told him He would give the land to Abraham’s descendants (Genesis 12:7). This was the unconditional Abrahamic land covenant that was promised to Abraham and his descendants forever. Abraham made an altar to the LORD in Shechem before moving on to Bethel, where he made another altar and called on the name of the LORD.
Moses brought the children of Israel out of Egypt in 1446 BC, exactly 430 years after Abraham came into the land of Canaan in 1876 BC. There are two witnesses to this testimony, one in the Old Testament and one in the New Testament. “Now the sojourn of the children of Israel who lived in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years. And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years on the same day it came to pass that all the armies of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt” (Exodus 12:40-41).
Both the Samaritan Pentateuch and the Septuagint add “and in Canaan” in verse 40. The Septuagint says, “And the sojourning of the children of Israel, while they sojourned in the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan, was four hundred and thirty years. And it came to pass after the four hundred and thirty years, all the forces of the LORD came forth out of the land of Egypt by night.”
Paul, in Galatians, spoke of the Abrahamic covenant that was made to Abraham and his seed (which is ultimately Christ) and compared it to the Mosaic covenant of the Law. “Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He says not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to your seed, which is Christ. And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect. For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise (Galatians 3:16-18).
The Exodus, which took place on the 15th day of Nisan (on the Jew’s Feast of Passover) in 1446 BC, occurred on the exact anniversary of the giving of the Abrahamic covenant, 430 years earlier in 1876 BC. Josephus says the same thing: “They left Egypt on the fifteenth day of the lunar month (Numbers 33:3), four hundred and thirty years after our forefather Abraham came into Canaan (Antiquities of the Jews, 2:15:2). The 430 years consisted of 215 years in Canaan and 215 years in Egypt. See Chronology of Mankind: 6,000 Years of History Pt 1 :: By Randy Nettles – Rapture Ready.
EXODUS TO THE KINGS OF ISRAEL
Moses, the man of God, led the children of Israel out of Egypt in 1446 BC. After 40 years of Israel wandering in the desert and disobeying God’s commandments, Moses died (at 120 years of age) after viewing the Promised Land from a distance. Joshua replaced Moses as the leader of the 12 tribes of Israel and entered the Promised Land in 1406 BC.
Canaan was divided between the tribes of Israel in approximately 1399 BC. At this point, the land rested from the war for a brief time. Joshua died in about 1381 BC (the exact year of his death is not known, but he judged Israel for approximately 25 years, according to Josephus). After Joshua’s death, God raised up judges periodically to lead and deliver his people from slavery because God had judged them for their apostasy of worshipping idols and false gods. The total time of the judges was about 326 years, from 1376 to 1050 BC.
The 12 tribes of Israel first became a kingdom under Saul, a Benjamite, in 1050 BC. When he was killed in battle in 1010 BC, his son, Ishbosheth, eventually became king of the northern 11 tribes, while David became king of his ancestral tribe of Judah. When Ishbosheth was killed in 1003 BC, David became king over all 12 tribes of Israel. He reigned until 970 BC. After David died, his son, Solomon, became king over all of Israel in the same year, 970 BC.
THE 480 YEARS OF 1 KINGS 6:1 (1446 -966 BC)
Solomon began his reign as David had reigned, as a righteous king. “And Solomon loved the LORD, walking in the statutes of David his father: only he sacrificed and burnt incense in high places” (1 Kings 3:3). God had commanded the Israelites when they came into the land to set up one central place for all the people to worship and make sacrifices there and to destroy the high places and groves where the heathens sacrificed to their gods (Deuteronomy 12:2-6).
Once David had made Jerusalem his capital city, the Israelites should have worshipped and sacrificed there, and only there. This was a continuing problem for most of the kings of Judah and Israel, as they didn’t destroy the high places and groves and allowed worship and sacrifices there. ‘High places’ are mentioned 36 times in the two books of Kings, always in a negative sense.
When Solomon became king, God offered to grant him any desire. Solomon chose an understanding mind (1 Kings 3:5-9). Because of his righteous choice, God promised to give him riches and honor in addition to wisdom. Solomon’s greatest achievement was building the Temple in Jerusalem, which he began in his fourth year as King of Israel in 966 BC.
1 Kings 6:1 says, “And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month Zif, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the Lord.” Moses led the people out of Egypt in the year 1446 BC, and Solomon began construction on the Temple 480 years after the children of Israel’s exodus, so 1446 BC – 480 years = 966 BC.
THE 430 TOTAL YEARS OF EZEKIEL 4:4-6 (966 – 536 BC)
Regarding Ezekiel 4:4-6, the 430 total years for the iniquity of the Houses of Israel and Judah are reckoned (IMO) from 966 BC (the fourth year of the reign of Solomon) to 536 BC, when the second Temple of the Jews began construction under the leadership of Zerubbabel. Before we get into the breakdown of the actual 390 years of iniquity for Israel and 40 years for Judah (as they are not in chronological order), let’s review some highlights for this timeline of 430 years.
A commandment God gave the children of Israel, which they couldn’t seem to obey, is found in Deuteronomy 7. “Neither shall you make marriages with them; your daughter you shall not give unto his son, nor his daughter shall you take unto your son. For they will turn away your son from following me, that they may serve other gods: so will the anger of the Lord be kindled against you, and destroy you suddenly. But thus shall you deal with them; you shall destroy their altars, and break down their images, and cut down their groves, and burn their graven images with fire” (Deuteronomy 7:3-5). This was Solomon’s greatest weakness and sin.
“But King Solomon loved many foreign women, as well as the daughter of Pharaoh: women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites— from the nations of whom the Lord had said to the children of Israel, You shall not intermarry with them, nor they with you. Surely they will turn away your hearts after their gods. Solomon clung to these in love. And he had seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubines; and his wives turned away his heart.
“For it was so, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned his heart after other gods; and his heart was not loyal to the Lord his God, as was the heart of his father David. For Solomon went after Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians, and after Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites. Solomon did evil in the sight of the Lord, and did not fully follow the Lord, as did his father David.
“Then Solomon built a high place for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, on the hill that is east of Jerusalem, and for Molech the abomination of the people of Ammon. And he did likewise for all his foreign wives, who burned incense and sacrificed to their gods. So the Lord became angry with Solomon, because his heart had turned from the Lord God of Israel, who had appeared to him twice, and had commanded him concerning this thing, that he should not go after other gods; but he did not keep what the Lord had commanded” (1 Kings 11:1-10).
Note: The righteous King Josiah, the 15th generation from Solomon, would one day (approx. 300 years later) tear down these abominable places of idol worship that Solomon had built.
“Therefore the Lord said to Solomon, Because you have done this, and have not kept My covenant and My statutes, which I have commanded you, I will surely tear the kingdom away from you and give it to your servant. Nevertheless I will not do it in your days, for the sake of your father David; I will tear it out of the hand of your son. However I will not tear away the whole kingdom; I will give one tribe to your son for the sake of My servant David, and for the sake of Jerusalem which I have chosen” (1 Kings 11:11-13).
When Solomon died in 931/930 BC, his son Rehoboam became king. Jeroboam, from the tribe of Ephraim, was the servant of Solomon (in 1 Kings 11:11, 26) who rebelled against Rehoboam and, by God’s will, became king of the 10 northern tribes of Israel in 931/930 BC. He built Shechem (the same area where Abraham built his first altar to the LORD) in the mountains of Ephraim and then built Penuel.
Rehoboam was then king of only the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Rehoboam and Jeroboam followed in Solomon’s footsteps and built sacrificial worship centers in high places and groves. Of course, both of them surpassed him by far in their sins and in contributing to Judah’s and Israel‘s iniquity.
The northern kingdom of Israel existed for only 207 years, from 931/930 BC to 723/722 BC. During that time, it had 20 kings, and every one of them was evil. The southern kingdom of Judah existed for 344 years, and it had 20 kings and 1 queen. It had about 8-10 good kings, and the rest were evil by allowing unlawful worship in undesignated places. Due to the apostasy of the kingdom of Israel, Assyria conquered them in 723 BC, and the survivors were dispersed throughout their empire.
Due to the apostasy of the kingdom of Judah, Babylon conquered the Jewish kingdom in 586 BC, and the survivors were taken to Babylon. 137 years after the destruction and subjugation of Israel by the Assyrians, Judah met the same fate at the hands of the Babylonians. It was Solomon who said, “The thing that has been, it is that which shall be; and that which is done is that which shall be done: and there is no new thing under the sun” (Ecclesiastes 1:9). Judah’s fate was prophesied decades earlier during the reign of Manasseh.
“And I will stretch over Jerusalem the line of Samaria, and the plummet of the house of Ahab: and I will wipe Jerusalem as a man wipes a dish, wiping it, and turning it upside down. And I will forsake the remnant of mine inheritance, and deliver them into the hand of their enemies; and they shall become a prey and a spoil to all their enemies; Because they have done that which was evil in my sight, and have provoked me to anger, since the day their fathers came forth out of Egypt, even unto this day” (2 Kings 21:13-15).
Babylon, in turn, was conquered by the Persians and Medes in 539 BC. King Cyrus the Great captured Babylon and permitted all the Jews within his realm who wished to do so to return to their ancestral homeland under God’s renewed blessing.
The northern ten tribes, with their capital in Samaria, had been defeated and exiled by Shalmaneser the Assyrian king. “In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and deported the Israelites to Assyria. He settled them in Halah, in Gozan on the Habor River, and in the towns of the Medes” (2 Kings 17:6). Once they entered their new homelands, they continued in their sin of going after other gods. Their iniquity and history didn’t stop in 723 BC when they were deported out of Israel. Only the nation itself ended.
Babylon, under King Nebuchadnezzar, ruled these same places after conquering Assyria. When King Cyrus of Persia conquered Babylon on October 12, 539 BC, both sets of Jewish exiles (representing all 12 tribes) came under his power in turn. In his decree, he speaks of Jerusalem rather than Samaria, but the survivors of both sieges lived side by side within his domain and would both be included without distinction when he invited them to return.
This is what King Cyrus of Persia says: “The Lord, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and he has appointed me to build a temple for him at Jerusalem in Judah. Any of his people among you may go up to Jerusalem in Judah and build the temple of the Lord, the God of Israel, the God who is in Jerusalem, and may their God be with them. And in any locality where survivors may now be living, the people are to provide them with silver and gold, with goods and livestock, and with freewill offerings for the temple of God in Jerusalem” (Ezra 1:2-4).
There were probably Israelites from all 12 tribes who returned to Jerusalem from Babylon and throughout the Persian Empire in 537 BC when Shesbazzar led more than 40,000 Jewish exiles back to their homeland (see Ezra 2:59-62). Construction began on the second Temple in Jerusalem in 536 BC under the leadership of Zerubbabel. From 966 BC to 536 BC is 430 years… from the beginning of construction on the first Temple to the beginning of construction on the second Temple.
THE 390 YEARS OF INIQUITY FOR THE HOUSE OF ISRAEL (927/926 – 537/536 BC)
The northern kingdom of Israel’s 390 years of iniquity began during the reign of Jeroboam, from the tribe of Ephraim (part of the House of Joseph). After Jeroboam and the ten tribes of northern Israel rebelled against King Rehoboam, Jeroboam was afraid the Israelites would return to Jerusalem to worship and offer sacrifices there, so he built two molded gold calves for them in Shechem. These statues were reminiscent of the molded gold calf Aaron built for the children of Israel at Mr. Sinai after the exodus from Egypt, where calves or oxen were sometimes worshipped (as well as other animals).
He placed one calf in Bethel (in Ephraim’s territory) and the other one in Dan (near Manasseh’s territory). Jeroboam even told his subjects, “Behold your gods, O Israel, which brought you up out of the land of Egypt (1 Kings 12:28). And this thing became a sin: for the people went to worship before the one, even unto Dan (1 Kings 12:30).
“Jeroboam used the same words Aaron did on a like occasion, not that he thought these were really gods and had divinity in them (nor could he hope or expect that the people would believe they had) but that these were representations of the true God, Yahweh, who had brought them out of Egypt; and that it might as well be supposed that God would cause his Shechinah to dwell in them as between the cherubim over the ark.
The sin of Jeroboam and the people did not consist in worshipping strange and false gods but in setting up images or representations of the true God and worshipping him under the similitude of a corporeal form, which he had himself expressly forbidden (Exodus 20:4).
These statues were not made by Jeroboam for idolatrous uses, only the altar later mentioned; and that he never worshipped before them, nor sacrificed to them, nor even built the altar before them; but that these were set up as signs, and in memory of his kingdom, like the pillars in Solomon’s temple. The Israelites, who were taken with sensible objects, on visiting these out of curiosity, it became a snare to them, and they fell into the worship of them, just as Gideon’s ephod and Moses’ brazen serpent were unto them.” {1} 1 Kings 12 Gill’s Exposition (biblehub.com)
I believe Jeroboam and the Israelites began true idol worship of the two gold calves in his fourth year, as did Rehoboam’s iniquity (read 2 Chronicles 12:1-2). The year was 926 BC. I think it started when Jeroboam was making sacrifices on the altar in Bethel (where Abraham built his second altar to the LORD approximately 950 years earlier) when a prophet from Judah confronted him and gave an amazing prophecy.
“Then he cried out against the altar by the word of the Lord, and said, O altar, altar! Thus says the Lord: Behold, a child, Josiah by name, shall be born to the house of David; and on you he shall sacrifice the priests of the high places who burn incense on you, and men’s bones shall be burned on you” (1 Kings 13:2). The prophet was talking to the altar and not Jeroboam, as an altar (either the same one or one like it) in the same place, Bethel, is the subject of discussion for future prophetic events.
The history of the fulfillment of this prophecy is in 2 Kings 23:15-16, approximately 300 years later. This is an amazing prophecy as it calls the future King of Judah by name, similar to Isaiah 44:28, in which the name Cyrus is mentioned. It’s also amazing that the last righteous king of Judah, Josiah, burned non-Levitical idol-worshipping priests’ bones upon the altar in Bethel that was erected by the first evil king of Israel, Jeroboam.
Bethel is also in the same location as the second altar Abraham built for the LORD 1,250 years earlier when he first came into the land. In Bethel, Jacob had a vision of God and angels (Jacob’s ladder) in which the LORD made an everlasting covenant with him and his descendants in which they would have ownership of the land of Canaan (Genesis 28:11-19) forever. Later, on his way home from Haran, Jacob built an altar to the LORD in Bethel, and the LORD changed his name to Israel (Genesis 35:6-7, 10).
Jeroboam sinned further when he made a house of high places and also made priests of those who were not sons of Levi. He even changed the date of the Feast of Tabernacles from the 15th day of the 7th month to the 15th day of the 8th month.
There were 20 kings of Israel, and they were all evil. 17 of them had this legacy recorded about them: “And he did evil in the sight of the LORD, and walked in the way of Jeroboam, and in his sin wherewith he made Israel to sin.” Out of the three kings that didn’t have this legacy, two of them only reigned for a month or less (they didn’t live long enough to walk in the ways of Jeroboam and make Israel sin), and the third was the last king of Israel, Hoshea. 2 Kings 17:2 says this about Hoshea, “And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, but not as the kings of Israel that were before him.” He must have seen the handwriting on the wall, so to speak.
The Israelites’ iniquity continued beyond their dispersion throughout the Middle East and even past Babylon’s takeover of Assyria’s kingdom until the time of King Cyrus of Persia in 539/538 BC, when he conquered Babylon. Their apostasy against the LORD continued while they were exiles in foreign countries.
From 927/926 BC (the fourth year of Jeroboam when he made Israel to sin by worshipping idols) to 537/536 BC, when many exiled children of Israel returned to Jerusalem (including some from the northern kingdom), was 390 years. The first thing the Jews did was to build an altar and offer sacrifices to the LORD (Ezra 3:2). They then began construction on the second Temple. These are the 390 years of iniquity for the House of Israel mentioned in Ezekiel 4:5 (IMO)… from an altar of iniquity to an altar of righteousness.
THE 40 YEARS OF INIQUITY FOR THE HOUSE OF JUDAH (686 – 646 BC)
The southern kingdom of Judah had 9 kings of whom this phrase was said: ‘He did evil in the sight of the LORD.’ They included Rehoboam, Jehoram, Ahaziah, Manasseh, Amon, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah. It was also said of Solomon. Several others did evil acts, such as Abijah, Ahaz, and Queen Athaliah, but this saying was not included in their legacy. However, of all these rulers, it was Manasseh who left the most indelible mark, being by far the worst and influencing the legacy of the remaining kings of Judah (his descendants), with the exception being his grandson, Josiah.
Manasseh became coregent with his father, Hezekiah, when he was twelve years old. Asa, Jehoshaphat, Hezekiah, and Josiah were the four most righteous kings of Judah in which the LORD said this about them. “And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, according to all that David his father did.” This phrase originates from 1 Kings 15:5, “Because David did that which was right in the eyes of the Lord, and turned not aside from any thing that He commanded him all the days of his life, save only in the matter of Uriah the Hittite.”
Manasseh became sole ruler of Judah when Hezekiah died in 686 BC. He then ruled for 44 years until 642 BC. Manasseh didn’t learn anything from his father, as he did just the opposite of him regarding worshipping the LORD God only. I believe he was the most evil king in all of Judah’s history (for 40 of those years) until he found the one true God, Yahweh. Manasseh’s evil acts are recorded in 2 Kings 21. “And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, after the abominations of the heathen, whom the Lord cast out before the children of Israel.
“For he built up again the high places which Hezekiah his father had destroyed; and he reared up altars for Baal, and made a grove, as did Ahab king of Israel; and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served them. And he built altars in the house of the Lord, of which the LORD said, In Jerusalem will I put my name. And he built altars for all the host of heaven in the two courts of the house of the Lord.
“And he made his son pass through the fire, observed times, used enchantments, and dealt with familiar spirits and wizards: he wrought much wickedness in the sight of the Lord, to provoke him to anger. And he set a graven image of the grove he had made in the house of the LORD…. Manasseh seduced them to do more evil than did the nations whom the LORD destroyed before the children of Israel. Moreover, Manasseh shed innocent blood very much, till he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another; beside his sin wherewith he made Judah to sin, in doing that which was evil in the sight of the Lord” (2 Kings 21:2-7, 9, 16).
Manasseh built up the high places and groves that his father, Hezekiah, had destroyed. His grandson, Josiah, would later destroy them. Manasseh sacrificed to Baal, as did the House of Omri (Ahab, Ahaziah, and Joram) of Israel. He even made sacrifices to the heavenly bodies in the sky. Manasseh even sacrificed his own son by fire. He consulted with wizards and practiced the occult. We don’t know the details, but scripture says he shed much innocent blood until he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another.
I think the words describing Manasseh in 2 Kings 21:16, “he made Judah to sin,” are the keywords to the prophecy of Ezekiel 4:6 regarding the 40 years of iniquity. The same can be said of Jeroboam and the kings of Israel regarding the 390 years of iniquity of Ezekiel 4:5, “he made Israel to sin.” Manasseh’s sole reign lasted 44 years, from 686 to 642 BC.
In 2 Chronicles 33:11-17, Manasseh was taken captive by the Assyrians and taken captive to Babylon. While in chains there, he sought the LORD his God and humbled himself greatly before the God of his fathers. Verse 13 says, “And prayed unto him: and he was intreated of him, and heard his supplication, and brought him again to Jerusalem into his kingdom. Then Manasseh knew that the Lord He was God.” I believe this was the 40th year of Manasseh’s reign. He had been severely tested.
When Manasseh returned to Jerusalem, he built up the defenses around the city, repaired the altar of the LORD, sacrificed peace offerings and thank offerings on the altar, and commanded Judah to serve the Lord God of Israel. Manasseh reigned (sole ruler) for 44 years in Jerusalem as king of Judah. Forty years were spent doing everything he could to disobey the LORD’s commandments, and only four years were used to obey God’s commandments.
Four seems to be a significant number between all these timelines. The first Temple was built in Solomon’s fourth year. Rehoboam and Jeroboam began rebelling against the LORD in their fourth year. There were four righteous kings of Judah whose legacy was, “And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, according to all that David his father did.” Manasseh had 40 (4 x 10) evil years as king of Judah and 4 good years (one-eleventh of his sole reign).
Zedekiah was the last king of Judah. He was a younger son of Josiah and was the fourth king after his father. He reigned for 11 years before Nebuchadnezzar carried him off to Babylon after burning the Temple, the king’s palace, and the houses of Jerusalem. The last thing Zedekiah saw before they put out his eyes was the Babylonians killing his sons. This all occurred in 586 BC.
The 430 total iniquity years of Ezekiel 4:4-6 is not the only significant 430-year timeframe regarding biblical events. There are four others, starting with the great flood of Noah’s day in 2306 BC (I have 2304 in my chronology… I could be off by that much). 430 years later, in 1876 BC, Abraham entered the Promised Land. 430 years later, in 1446 BC, Moses led the Exodus from Egypt. 430 years later, in 1016 BC, Saul was nearing the end of his reign, and David was waiting in the wings. Perhaps this was the year David defeated Goliath (David would become king of Judah in 1010 BC and king of all Israel in 1003 BC). 430 years later, in 586 BC, the Babylonians conquered Judah, and the Temple and city of Jerusalem were burned to the ground. See A Chronology of Mankind – 6000 Years of History (rev310.net)
Within these 1,720 years (4 x 430), we see 1) the Noahic covenant given. 2) the Abrahamic covenant given. 3) the Mosaic covenant given. 4) David, an ancestor of Jesus, would become king of Israel, and through his lineage would come the Messiah. “And your house and your kingdom shall be established forever before you: your throne shall be established forever” (2 Samuel 7:16). 5) The destruction of the House of Israel and their kings (until Jesus returns) and the end of the first Temple in Jerusalem.
Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus!
Randy Nettles
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