This Day, July 8, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

July 8

1099: In a move reminiscent of Joshua at Jericho, during the First Crusade 15,000 starving Christian soldiers march in religious procession around Jerusalem as the Muslim defenders look on. This seemingly desperate move is part of the preparations for the final successful Crusader assault that will take place on July 15 following which the Moslem and Jewish citizenry would be slaughtered by those who claim to fight in the name of the man who said “love thine enemies.”

1153: Pope Eugene III passed away. In an effort to gain support for the Second Crusade, Eugene had “issued a bull announcing that all those who joined in the holy war were absolved from the payment of interest on debts owed to Jews.” Regardless of the level of participation, it gave Christians a chance to repudiate the legitimate debts owed to Jews. (As reported by Graetz).

1187: Acre surrendered to Saladin.

1230: “Pope Honorius III issued from San Rieti an order directing the Archbishop of Mayence to compel the [Jewish] community to pay the sum of 1,620 marks before the following Easter, threatening it with exclusion from all dealings with Christians if it failed to raise the amount.”

1510: A printed edition of Halikhot Olam, Talmudic dissertations by “Rabbi Jeshua ben Joseph Ha-Levi was published at Constantinople

1497: Today, with a fleet of four ships and a crew of 170 men Vasco da Gama began his first voyage which take him around the Cape of Good Hope to India where in 1498 “while harboring his fleet in Anjediva, a small archipelago of five islands, he was greeted by a Jewish man of about 40 who said he been born in Posen, Poland and had been taken prisoner en route to Jerusalem and sold as a slave in India” and whom da Gama baptized as Gaspar da Gama, the future “pilot of Vasco's fleet in Indian waters” and a linguist for the King of Portugal “on other naval expeditions.

1623: Pope Gregory XV passed away. During his papacy Gregory appointed three expurgators to approve, revise or otherwise deal with Jewish texts.

1654: According to some sources, Jacob Barsimon left Holland aboard the Peartree for New Amsterdam. He was the first Jewish resident of New Amsterdam (New York). Other sources claim that the Peartree and Barsimon did not set sail until July 17 and did not arrive until August 22, 1654. Regardless of which dating one accepts, the origin of the Jewish Community is dated from September 7, 1653 when 23 Sephardic Jewish refugees from Recife (Brazil) arrived in New Amsterdam aboard the French ship, St. Charles.

1663: Jews were already living in Rhode Island when The British Crown granted a charter the colony founded by Roger Williams, which guarantees freedom of worship. The Jews had arrived in Newport in 1658. Reportedly, these were Sephardic Jews who had fled from Brazil to avoid another round of the Inquisition.

1690(2nd of Av): After having been arrested and forced to ride a horse from which he fell several times, Rabbi Aaron ben Moses Teomim of Worms, author of Mate Aharon died while on his way to prison from a combination of “fright and ill-treatment.”

1709: Peter the Great defeated the Swedish Army led by Charles XII at the Battle of Poltava after which “marano physician and diplomat” Daniel de Fonseco helped the Swedish monarch in his attempts to get the Ottomans to support him in his fight with the Russians and the Poles.

1721:  Elihu Yale passed away. While serving as the English governor of Madras Yale had a romantic relationship with a Portuguese Jewess who was the wife Jacques (Jaime) de Paiva (Pavia), a successful Jewish trader and businessman. The wife, Hermonia de Paiva, went to live with him, causing quite a scandal within Madras' colonial society. Hermonia and the son fathered by Yale both later died in South Africa. [The next time you look at the Hebrew Letters in Yale’s seal, you might remember Hermonia.]

1751: Birthdate of Nathan Wolf Ben Abraham the native of Dessau who was praised for his commentary on the Book of Job but who earned the ire of the Jewish when he produced a book for young Jewish readers that had a preface which included his “complaints again the Jewish nation.”

1755: This evening during the Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy, Jacob Emden’s house was broken into and his papers seized and turned over to the "Ober-Präsident," Von Kwalen. Six months later Von Kwalen appointed a commission of three scholars, who, after a close examination, found nothing which could inculpate Emden.

1768: Cossack leader Maksym Zaliznyak and 73 rebels were imprisoned in Kyiv-Pechersk Fortress. Zaliznyak had played a key role in the Massacre at Uman where 20,000 Jews and Poles were killed during the Koliivshchyna rebellion. Zaliznyak was not imprisoned because of Russian government cared about the Jews who had been betrayed by their countrymen.  He was imprisoned because the government feared his rebellion would spread and undermine imperial authority.

1773(17th of Tammuz, 5533): Tzom Tammuz observed as the citizens of Poland, including its large Jewish population cope with the aftermath of the Second Partition.

1775: Four days after he had passed away Judah Leib b Reuben was buried today at the “Hoxton Old Jewish Burial Ground.

1776: The Liberty Bell was rung to summon citizens of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for the reading of the Declaration of Independence by the Continental Congress. The Liberty Bell takes its name from the inscription taken from Leviticus 25:10 that states, "Proclaim Liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof."

1781: In New York City, Betty Abrahams married Cauffman Cohen today.

1792(18th of Tammuz, 5552): Tzom Tammuz observed on the same day that Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton wrote to President George Washington concerning a contract for the mooring chains and Beacon Boats to be used on the Delaware River.

1798: As Napoleon began the campaign against the British that would lead him to Palestine and the making of promising concerning Jewish rights there, he arrived at Demenhour where the army “gained scanty refreshments.”

1805: Simon Mussina, merchant, newspaper editor, and attorney, was born to Zachariah and Nancy Mussina in Philadelphia today,

1805: Rothschild writes the Landgrave seeking the status of “Protected Jew” in Kassel so that he could business there while still living in Frankfurt.  The request was rejected.  The need for such a request was symptomatic of the crazy quilt of regulations designed to limit the business opportunities for Jews.

1807: Rothschild wrote to his son Nathan telling him that that Czar Alexander and Napoleon had met at Tilsit.  He expressed the hope that peace would prevail.  In the end, his hopes proved to be unfounded.

1815: In Charleston, SC, Esther and Major Myers Moses gave birth to Hortensia Moses, who became Hortensia Siexas when she married Jacob Levy Seixas with whom she had eight children.

1816: As the Great Powers work to deal with the “rights of Jews” in a post-Napoleonic Europe, Lord Castlereagh, the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs wrote to the Earl of Clancarty saying, “My Lord: As it is probable that the situation of the Jews may become subject of consideration to the Allied Plenipotentiaries at Frankfort, I have received the commands of His Royal Highness the Prince Regent to instruct your Excellency, in that event to encourage the general adoption of a liberal system of toleration with respect to the individuals of the Jewish persuasion throughout Germany, in order that they may not be deprived of those indulgence that lately enjoyed.” (The prince regent refers to the future George IV who had been serving as regent during the final years of the reign of his father George III, of American Revolutionary War fame.  I do not know enough of the nuances of English history to understand his interest in the rights of continental Jews.  Always more to learn.)

1822: Percy Bysshe Shelley, the English poet whose work includes “The Wandering Jews Soliloquy” passed away.

1824: Emanuel Hyams married Rachel Lyon today at the Great Synagogue.

1824: Birthdate of Kovno native and supporter of Jewish settlement in Palestine  Kaloynymous Zeeb Wolf Wissotzky, who provided most of the money for the establishment of the Be ha-Sefer school at Jaffa and who funded “the “establishment of a Talmud Torah that included technical classes in Bialystok” while leaving a million ruble bequest at his death to be used for “Jewish national purposes.’

1825: In the West Indies, Judge David Naar, the St. Thomas born of Sarah and Hazan Joshua Naar and his wife Sarah Cohen Naar gave birth to Moses D’azevedo Naar.

1831: Birthdate of Bohemian author Seligmann Heller whose works included the epic poem "Ahasverus.”

1836:  Birthdate of British statesman Joseph Chamberlain.  Regrettably, Joseph Chamberlain’s greatest claim to fame was the fact that he was the father of Neville Chamberlain, the great appeaser of the Hitler period.  Jews should remember him as a British political leader who was sympathetic to Herzl and his cause.  In 1903, Chamberlain was one of those who worked to offer Uganda as a colony which European Jews could settle.

1838: A band of Druze attacked the Jewish community of Tzfat. This incident is a far cry from the relations today between the Druze and the Jews.  Founded in the early 11th century, the Druze faith was initially based on the doctrines of Shi’a Islam. As with other such groups who deviated from Islam, the Druze have been at odds with the dominant Moslem populations in the countries where they live – Lebanon, Syria and Jordan. There is a Druze community in Israel and Druze soldiers have served with honor and distinction in the IDF

1839: Birthdate of John D. Rockefeller whom the world connects with petroleum, Standard Oil and monopoly.  For Jews he was one of those who signed the Blackstone Memorial, a petition favoring “the delivery of Palestine to Jews” that was presented to President Benjamin Harrison.

1846: Henry Woolf married Sarah Jane Asher at the Great Synagogue today.

1847(24th of Tammuz, 5607): Rachel Lindo, the widow of the late David Lindo, and the oldest member of the local congregation passed away at the age of 85 in Bridgetown, Barbados.

1848: In Germany, Fiecken and Abraham Bendix Weinberg gave birth to Bendix Abraham Weinberg who survived for only one day.

1849: In New York, Mr. and Mrs. Michael Schwab gave birth to Sophie Schafer, the wife of Samuel Sacher.

1849: Formal installation of Toechter Lodge No. 1 of the Free Sons of Israel.  This lodge was unique because it was made up of women, as can be imagined by the name which is the Yiddish word for daughter.

1850: Birthdate of Frederick de Sola Mendes the native of Montego Bay, Jamaica, West Indies who gained fame as a rabbi, author, and editor. The son of Abraham Pereira Mendes, he was educated at Northwick College and at University College School, London, and at the University of London where he earned a B.A. in 1869. “Subsequently he went to Breslau, Germany, where he entered the university and studied rabbinics at the Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau. Mendes received the degree of Ph.D. from Jena University in 1871. Returning to England, he was licensed to preach as rabbi by Haham Benjamin Artom, in London, 1873; in the same year he was appointed preacher of the Great St. Helen's Synagogue of that city, but in December removed to New York, where he had accepted a call to the rabbinate of Shaaray Tefillah congregation (now the West End Synagogue); he entered upon his duties there January 1, 1874. Mendes was one of the founders of the American Hebrew. In 1888 he took part in the Field-Ingersoll controversy, writing for the North American Review an article entitled "In Defense of Jehovah." In 1900 Mendes joined the staff of the Jewish Encyclopedia as revising editor and chief of the translation bureau, which positions he resigned in September 1902. Associated with Dr. Marcus Jastrow and Dr. Kaufmann Kohler, he was one of the revisers of the Jewish Publication Society of America Version of the Bible. He also translated Jewish Family Papers: Letters of a Missionary, by "Gustav Meinhardt" (Dr. William Herzberg). Of his publications the following may be mentioned: Child's First Bible; Outlines of Bible History; Defense not Defiance. He contributed also the article on the "Jews" to Johnson's Encyclopedia. In 1903 he became for a time editor of The Menorah, a monthly magazine. In conjunction with his brother Henry Pereira Mendes, and others, he was one of the founders of The American Hebrew (1879), to whose columns, as to those of the general press, he was a frequent contributor. He passed away in 1927.

1852: Nineteen-year-old Zipporah Phillips, the daughter of Esther Seixas and Naphtali Phillips married Lewis Benjamin today

1852(21st of Tammuz, 5612): Moses Benedict the German banker and artist who was born at Stuttgart  in 1772 and who operated the banking business of Benedict Brothers with his brother Seligman passed away today.

1853: Commodore Mathew Perry reached the entrance of Tokyo Bay, one of the climactic moments in his move to “Open Japan to the West” which was the inspiration for the Stephen Sondheim musical “Pacific Overtures” about “the westernization of Japan.”

1854(12th of Tammuz, 5614): Parashat Chukat-Balak

1854(12th of Tammuz, 5614): Fifty-seven year old Solomon Isaacs Picard passed away this morning in London.

1860(18th of Tammuz, 5620): Tzom Tammuz observed on the same day that a series of fires broke out in north Texas one of which led to the destruction of downtown Dallas and which led to unfounded claims that they conflagrations were part of abolitionist plot to incite a slave uprising.

1860: Birthdate of German General Heinrich Adolf Wild von Hohenborn, the Prussian Minister of War during WWI who “promulgated the anti-Semitic Judenzählung.”

1860: In Ukraine, Anna Kramer and her husband gave birth to bakery store owner and future Bostonian Victor Kramer.

1868: Birthdate of American journalist Thomas Franklin Fairfax Millard, the founder of the China Press, an English language paper that supported the new government of Dr. Sun Yat-sen which he sold to Edward Ezra, a leading Jewish businessman in China in 1918.

1870: In Portchester, NY, Samuel Gottlieb and Julia Rothschild, gave birth to MIT and Ecole des Beauz Arts trained architect the husband of Catherine Welch who designed several buildings included Temple B’nai Jeshurun in New Jersey and the “large country house of Jacob Rothschild at Deal, NJ.

1870: In Dublin, Professor Alexander Macalister and his wife gave birth to Robert Alexander Steward Alexander, the only professional archaeologist at the excavation of Gezer which last from 1902 to 1902 and is best known for the “Gezer calendar.”

1870: Birthdate of Mark Peyser, the native of Washington, DC who practiced medicine in Richmond while serving on the faculty of the Medical College of Virginia before passing away in 1938.

1871: Isaac Hyman who used to be a City of Marshal in New York City was ordered to pay seven dollars a week in support payments after he had been arrested today on charges of abandoning his wife. 

1872: Birthdate of Aaron Gumbinsky who gained fame as the songwriter Harry Von Tilzer whose tunes included "A Bird in a Gilded Cage", "Cubanola Glide", "Wait 'Til The Sun Shines Nellie", "Old King Tut", "All Alone", "Mariutch", "I Love My Wife, But Oh You Kid!", "They Always Pick On Me", "I Want A Girl Just Like The Girl Who Married Dear Old Dad", And The Green Grass Grew All Around and many others.

http://www.jewish-music.huji.ac.il/content/harry-von-tilzer

https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=QJc2XJmCI4rajwSAx4egCA&q=harry+von+tilzer&oq=Harry+Von+Tilz&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0l2j0i22i30l4.17871.23311..26497...0.0..0.613.2144.11j6j5-1......0....1..gws-wiz.....0..0i131j0i10j0i22i10i30.iXbpvkbc_wk

1873: Union of American Hebrew Congregations (Reform) was launched in Cincinnati under the leadership of Dr. Isaac Meyer Wise.

1876: The “Academy” published “a criticism” of “The Courses of Religious Thought” published in the June edition of the “Contemporary Review” in which William Gladstone found “fault with the Jews for giving p the belief in a personal Messiah.

 1877: In Warsaw, Feliks Rappaport and Justyna Bauerertz gave birth to Emil Stanisław Rappaport the Jewish lawyer who served as Judge in post-WW I Poland and was the author of several works on international law.

1877: Delegates representing American Hebrew congregations from the principal cities in the United States are scheduled to hold the opening session of their convention at Concordia Hall in Milwaukee.  Approximately 150 delegates are expected to attend.  The primary aims of the meeting are to consolidate all of the Reform congregations under one central body that will, among other things, create a uniform service to be followed by all members.  “The convention will also discuss the feasibility of securing lands in the West and South” for Jews who have not been able to “establish their own homes and businesses.

1877: “Prejudices,” a reprint of an article from Macmillan’s Magazine, published today reported that “The past generation of Englishmen has been so generous to Jews that” it would be “ungrateful” to accuse present day Englishmen “of being consciously repelled by the idea of a poor Jew being worthy of admiration.  But 15 centuries of hatred” are not easily “wiped out” by the passage of legislation. “A deep unconscious undercurrent of prejudice against the Jew” still exists among Englishmen.  This “unconscious Judaeophobia” exists alongside “a tacit of assumption that modern Judaism is a lifeless code of ritual instead of a living body of religious truth.”

1877: According to a paper that Mr. E.G. Ravenstein presented to the Statistical Society of London, the population of Russia has been increasing at the rate of 1.1 per cent per year with “the Jews being the most prolific” group in the Czar’s Empire.

1877: It was reported today that for several years the “American Hebrews” in New York “have united to furnish poor Christian children in Industrial Schools with warm and nourishing food.” 

1877: According to reports published today Judge Hilton’s decision to ban Joseph Seligman (and all Jews) from his hotel in Saratoga Springs, NY has caused quite a stir among Jews and Gentiles in San Francisco, CA.  The Seligmans are quite well known to Californians and are well thought.  A ban like the one adopted in Saratoga Springs would not find any support on the west coast since the Jews are viewed as being patriotic citizens who are always ready to “extend their aid and assistance” whenever it is needed.  The Jews are viewed as being “valuable and…respectable” members of the community, “good neighbors and …businessmen” whom the “hotels are very glad to have” as customers.

1878: William Evarts, the U.S. Secretary of State in the administration of President Rutherford B. Hayes, has complied with a request made by M.S.  Isaacs of New York, President of the Board of Delegates of the American Israelites and Simon Wolf of Washington, DC, the Vice President of the Board of Delegates of the American Israelites.  He “has instructed” the U.S. “Consul at Tangiers, Morocco to co-operate with the representatives of other governments in using his good offices” on “behalf of the oppressed Israelites in the Empire of Morocco.  The instructions are similar to those given several years to…the Consul at Bucharest which proved so beneficial for the relief and protection of the Jews” in Romania who were being persecuted at that time.

1879: Moritz Loth of Cincinnati presided over the opening session of The Sixth Council of the Union of American and Hebrew Congregations at Standard Hall in New York City. Rabbi Gustav Gottheil of Temple Emanu-El offered the opening prayer followed by Moritz Ellinger’s opening address. 

1879(17th of Tammuz, 5639): Tzom Tammuz

1880: An untitled article published today credited the Jews with developing the first principles of what we now call the insurance industry.  The Babylonian Talmud contained a systemized code that articulates “the principle of sharing among a number the loss of a single individual.”

1880: In Poland, “Harris and Gittle Baran” gave birth to Meyer Barnet, the husband of Sarah Barnett with whom he had seven children. 

1882: Birthdate of Austrian native Harry “Baum a volunteer settlement worker on the Lower East Side who became one of basketball's greatest coaches during the early decades of the 20th Century and is considered the father of fundamental basketball tactics”

1882: “A New Socialistic Society” published today provided an insight into the divisions within Jewish socialists when it reported that among the officers elected were a Corresponding Secretary in German and a Corresponding Secretary in Russian.  Added to the mix was the fact that the first speaker of the evening whose topic concerned the future of the Jewish race was named Allen McGregor.

1883: It was reported today that the outbreak of Cholera in Egypt is so serious that the British are considering transferring their troops from the land of Nile to Malta or Cyprus.  If the plague reaches Cairo the Jewish population will find itself at great risk since most of it is confined to a quarter that consists of narrow streets without drainage or proper sanitation of any kind.

1883: “Notes from Cincinnati” published today described “an important (upcoming) event…the ordination of four young Rabbis from the graduating class of the Hebrew Union College.” They are part of the school’s first graduating class.

1883: It was reported today that Rabbi Kaufmann Kohler opened the exams given to the rabbinical students at HUC by declaring that “Cincinnati had become the center and heart of American Judaism” a fact “he attributed to the great and energetic mind of” Rabbi Isaac Meyer Wise.

1885 Birthdate of Paul Josef Levi, the native of Stuttgart who as Paul Leni began working as a theatrical set designer in pre-war Germany before become a filmmaker during the Weimar Republic.

1885: It was reported today that after the latest conscription deadline had passed nearly 16,000 Jewish draftees had failed to report for military service. This meant that the Jews had missed their quota by more than 50% of the mandated total.  Jews were not the only ones who avoided serving in a military that was meant to brutalize them and in which there was no opportunity to enter the officer corps.  Bashkirs, Tartars and Mennonites were among other groups who sought to avoid service in the Czars army using such tricks as injuring their fingers and lessening the measurement of their chest since a conscript is rejected if his chest does not measure at least half the length of his stature.

1885: Birthdate of Ernst Bloch, a German Marxist who fled Germany during the 1930’s. When he returned, he went to live in East (Communist) Germany. He broke with Communists and defected to West Germany in 1960. Bloch had opposed Herzl and Zionism in the 1960’s he became an outspoken advocate of Israel’s right to exist. He passed away in 1977.

1886: Birthdate of Chicago native Edward G. Felsenthal, the attorney and real estate executive who earned his undergraduate and law degrees at the University of Chicago.

1886: In the District of Columbia, Regina and Isaac Ottenberg gave birth to Georgetown University trained attorney Louis Ottenberg, the husband of Nettie Ottenberg with whom he had three children –Regina, Miriam and Louis, Jr. – who was a national board member of the ADL>

1887: One day after he had passed away, 54 year old Louis Kyezor, the husband of Julia Joseph was buried today at the Balls Pond Road Cemetery.

1888: In New York City, Abraham Fabricant and his wife gave birth to Louis Fabricant, the NYU Law School Graduate, “a former partner in the law firm of Rosenberg, Goldmark and Colin and former assistant district attorney whose passion for providing legal assistance for those who could not afford it led him to become “the attorney-in-chief of the Legal Aid Society of New York.”

1888: In Los Angeles, CA, Chicago native Jacob S. Saleky “who became the treasurer of the Irwin Garment Company of St. Louis” and his wife gave birth to J. Sydney Salkey, who, after earning a B.A. from the University of Chicago and an LL.B from Washington University School of Law pursued a career in corporate law with a specialization “in federal taxation”

1888: The Executive Board of the Union of Hebrew Congregations held its annual meeting today in Cleveland Ohio simultaneously with the annual meetings of the Board of Trustees and Managers of the Jewish Orphan Asylum and the Montefiore Home for Aged and Infirm Israelites. Eight Governors of Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati were elected by the board including Solomon Simon of New York City.

1888: An “informal reception” was held to honor Rabbi Jacob Charif (Sharp) at his home at 179 Henry Street.  Charif has been to New York from Wilna to serve as the leader for the Orthodox synagogues on the Lower East Side

1889: “Hebrew in Convention” published today described plans for the upcoming meeting of the Council of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations which will be held in Detroit, Michigan.  The council is made up of lay and rabbinical delegates representing organizations with an aggregate membership of almost 600,000 members.

1890(20th of Tammuz, 5650): Fifty two year old Ludwig Chronegk, the stage-manager and "Intendanzrath" of the famous Meininger troupe established at Weimar by Duke George of Meiningen” passed away today at Meiningen.

1890: Birthdate of Vilna native Leon Pines who came to the United States in 1908 where he became a successful businessman active in Jewish causes including the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies before passing away at Miami Beach in 1969.

1891: It was reported today that “nine hundred Jews left Lithuania (Russian Poland) last after refusing…to embrace” the Russian Orthodox religion “as ordered.”

1891: It was officially announced today that the Porte (the government of the Ottoman Empire) will only allow Jews to enter Jerusalem as pilgrims and will not allow them to emigrate there as settlers.

1892: Birthdate of Wilmington, Delaware native Samuel Isaiah Sacks the WW I veteran and graduate of Temple Law School who also pursued a career in engineering who was elected “as an Associate Member” of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1918 and who, in 1918, was a candidate for membership of the Engineers’ Club of Philadelphia

https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9tLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA100&lpg=PA100&dq=Samuel+Isaiah+Sacks&source=bl&ots=-ecc1fZAfg&sig=8zCNA9h3keKA_PE2uuZzBvTg3cc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ9sW4ho7cAhVCM6wKHevJAuwQ6AEwAXoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=Samuel%20Isaiah%20Sacks&f=false

1893: Only 120 of the 800 steerage passengers aboard the tramp steamer Red Sea which is due to arrive in New York tomorrow are Russian Jews.

1893: Asher Weinstein, a New York real estate man was on board the Cunard steamship Umbria when it left today bound for Liverpool.

1893: Birthdate of Fritz Perls father of Gestalt therapy.  He developed his therapy during the 1940’s.  It should not be confused with Gestalt psychology developed during the 19th century.

1894: Solomon Schechter worked “in the library at what was known as the Old Schools” sorting fragments of Hebrew manuscripts that had been found in the Cairo Geniza.

1894: Seventy-one year old German biblical scholar August Dillman who was one of the foremost Old Testament exegetes” passed away

1894: In Chillicothe, OH, E.I. and Carrie (Weiler) Berman gave birth to Ohio State University graduate Bernard A. Bergman, the husband of Suzanne Weledinger who served “served 14 months overseas with the 37th Division” during World War I and was the editor of The Jewish Tribune before going on to do “publicity work” for many national organizations including the ZOA and the United Palestine Foundation Fund.

1895: It was reported today that the stepped up enforcement of the Sunday Closing Laws has forced various immigrant groups to take added precautions when selling their wares including the Jewish merchants on the lower east side who operate “sidewalk stands” that sell cigars, cigarettes, crullers, pretzels and candy and who on Sunday “will not sell a stranger a soda water unless he speaks Yiddish.”

1895: It was reported today that 20 year old Alma Mayer who passed away yesterday had taken her own life for reasons unknown after visiting her brother-in-law Carl Sternberg, a New York Broker. The young Jewish girl had been the United States for about a year, living most of that time with an aunt in Nyack, NY.

1895: Lazarus Shapiro presided over a mass meeting of Jews living in the Tenth Ward during which the attendees protested “the failure of the Board of Education to appoint a” Jew “as a School Trustee for the Tenth Ward even though nearly 95 percent of the children attending the schools in that ward” are Jewish.

1895: In New York City, during a public meeting in Irving Hall, Jewish residents of the Tenth Ward protested against the failure of the Board of Education to appoint one of their co-religionists as a School Trustee. The demand was based on the fact that 95 per cent of the students in the ward are Jewish.

1896: Birthdate of Buffalo, NY native Sidney Janis, the “wealthy clothing manufacture and art collector” and husband of Harriet Grossman who founded the Sidney Janis Art Gallery.

http://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/24/obituaries/sidney-janis-trend-setting-art-dealer-dies-at-93.html?src=pm

1896: Seventy-seven year old Isaac Bramfield who lives at the Hebrew Home on West 105th Street was wounded in thigh by William Johnson who was trying to shoot William H. Sutton.

1897: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for “Mayer Gottlieb, a flour merchant and member of the Produce Exchange whose place of business was on 267 East Houston Street.”

1898: During the Spanish-American War, the 6th Massachusetts Regiment whose members included “Philip Tworoger of Boston, John Hamberg of Adams, Jacob Ostreicher of Lowell, Benjamin Baker of Lowell and Alfred J. Hermanson of Boston which had “left Charleston, SC, on board the Yale” arrived at Santiago today.

1899: The will of David Krakauer was filed for probate in the Surrogate’s today.

1899: The Heine Lorelei Fountain, a monument  dedicated to the memory of Heinrich Heine which is located at the entrance to the Grand Concourse and the Boulevard was dedicated today.

1899: Birthdate of lawyer and public servant, David Lilienthal.  A lawyer by profession, Lilienthal's twin passions were improving the human condition and converting natural resources.  He was able to further both of these when he became the first Chairman of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in 1933.  This major power producing and flood control project was the most important thing to improve the lot of a mass of Southerners since the end of the Civil War.  Lilienthal later served as the first chair of the Atomic Energy Commission.  He passed away in 1981.

1899: “Nuremberg” published today provides a review of The Story of Nuremberg by Cecil Headlam which described the changing fortunes of the city’s Jews for whom “medicine was originally their chief possession.” “When the Christians were no longer allowed to take interest for money” which had been “the business of the monasteries” the Jews stepped in because they were not prohibited by their laws to engage in such a practice.  As their wealth increased, their neighbors persecuted them, destroyed their houses and “burned” them at the stake.  “In 1499 they were driven from the city” and not allowed to return again until 1850.

1900: It was reported today that attorney and Jewish philanthropist Randolph Guggenheimer, the President of the Council of the City Greater New York and Chairman of the committee planning the celebrating honoring Admiral Dewey was one of those who sent a letter of condolence to “Mrs. J.W. Philip on the death of her husband, Rear Admiral John W. Philip

1901: In Atlantic City, on the second day of the meeting Jewish Chautauqua Professor Max Margolis of the University of California delivered a paper that contended that “Job was not a Jewish which led to “a lively discussion” led by Dr. Berkowitz of Philadelphia.

1902(3rd of Tammuz, 5662): Eighty-four-year old  Bavaria born Caroline Myers, the wife of Joseph Myers passed away today in Richmond, VA.

1902: Birthdate of Philip Hickman, the native of Spitalfields, London, who won several bantamweight titles as “Johnny Brown” and who was the “older brother” another English fighter who boxed as “Young Johnny Brown.”

1902: Herzl visits Lord James in his quest to gain great power support for a Jewish home in Palestine.

1902: “In Lipovitz, Vinnitsa Region, Russia,” Bella and Nachum Petchersky gave birth to American “real estate investor” Louis Leibish Petchers, the husband of Dolly Pechters.

1903(13th of Tammuz, 5663): Fifty-seven year old Esther Hellman Wallenstein the native of Bavaria who was the founding president of the Hebrew Infant Asylum passed away today in New York City.

1903: Herzl writes to Polish author Pauline Korvin-Piatrovska and asks her to intervene for him with the Russians. In the meantime, Wenzel von Plehve, the Russian Minister of the Interior, and an anti-Semite calls for the suppression of the Zionist Organization in Russia

1904: In Plaquemine, LA, Hippolyte and Dora Kahn Urhry gave birth “furniture designer and artist” Ralphy Urhry, the husband of Alene Fox Uhry and “the father of Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Alfred Uhry and author Ann Uhry Abrams.”

1904(25th of Tammuz, 5664): In Georgia, 64 year old Charles Wessolowsky passed away today.

1905(5th of Tammuz, 5665): Parashat Korach

1905: The Ninth Summer Assembly of the Jewish Chautauqua Society opened today in Atlantic City, NJ.

1905(5th of Tammuz, 5665):Eighty-four-year-old Philadelphia born watchmaker turned attorney Moses Aaron Dropise, a strong opponent of slavery before the Civil War and Jewish philanthropist who was president of Gratz College passed away today.

https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/dropsie-moses-aaron

https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/5331-dropsie-moses-aaron

https://www.jstor.org/stable/43059613?seq=1

1906: It was reported today that killing of Jewish boy by a policeman in Ostrog was accidental and that “the policeman would be tried” which was enough to prevent any demonstrations by thousands of Jews who had attended his funeral.

1907: Florenz Ziegfeld staged his first Follies on the roof of the New York Theater in New York City.

1907: Rabbi Joseph H. Stotlz offered the opening prayer at the final session of the 18th annual convention of the Central Conference of American Rabbis at Frankfort, Michigan.

1907: Rabbi David Lefkowitz presented a paper by Rabbi Simon Peiser on “Religious Work for Dependents and Defectives in Jewish Institutions” at the afternoon session of the annual convention of the Central Conference of American Rabbis followed by a Round Table on “The Institutional Synagogue” led by Rabbi Julius Rapport.

1907: In Palestine, TX, Hyman and Mable Roxanne Pearlstone gave birth to Henry Ash Pearlsteon, the husband of Marie Juliette Pearlstone with whom he had two children.

1908: “Financier and philanthropist John Davison Rockefeller Jr. and philanthropist and socialite Abigail Greene "Abby" Aldrich” gave birth to Nelson Rockefeller, the Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States whose humanitarian work and liberal policies earned him the Universal Brotherhood Medal of the JTS in 1961 and the Charles Evans Hughes Medal presented by the National Conference of Jews in 1965.

1909: “Leaders Not Anxious to Choose Bingham” published today described the reluctance of New York political leaders to support an anti-Tammany ticket led by ex-Police Commissioner Bingham based, in part, on the hostility of the city’s Jewish voters who were upset by his “statement that 60 per cent of the criminals convicted in New York City were Jews.”

1910: The Queen of Holland appoints Joseph Carasso, Inspector of the Bank of Salonica, to be Consul for Netherlands at Salonica.

1911: In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the 15th annual summer assembly of the Jewish Chautauqua Society led by Chancellor Henry Berkowitz continued for a second day.

1912: Birthdate of Moses M. Weinstein “a Queens Democrat who served in the State Assembly, with stints as majority leader and acting speaker in the 1960s, and nearly two decades as a trial and appellate judge of the State Supreme Court.”

1912: The body of Julia Richman, the prominent New York educator who died unexpectedly while in France arrives in New York aboard the S.S. Lapland and is taken to Temple Ahawath Chesed on Lexington Avenue.

1913: In Seattle, WA, the National Conference of Charities and Correction, which Hermann Wollenberger  of Chicago is attending as a delegate continued for a fourth day.

1914: John D. Rockefeller, the oil tycoon who was one of those who signed the Blackstone Memorial, a petition favoring “the delivery of Palestine to Jews” that was presented to President Benjamin Harrison celebrated his 75th birthday today by playing a round of golf.

1914: Today, in the wake of the assassination of the heir to the throne of the Autro-Hungarian Empire, The Council of Ministers for Austria-Hungary sent two recommended options to Emperor Franz Joseph on how to handle its crisis with Serbia including suggestion that “a surprise attack against the Balkan country” or a suggestion to place demands on Serbia before mobilization to provide a proper "juridical basis for a declaration of war"

1914: Birthdate of New York City native and CCNY grad Sol Rafel, “the executive director of Bronx House, the largest Jewish community center the borough” who had two daughters – Judy and Ellen – with his wife Ruth.

https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/21/obituaries/sol-rafel-66-executive-director-of-jewish-center-in-bronx-dead.html

1914: Birthdate of Jacques Torczyner the native of Antwerpt who emigrated to the United States in 1940 before the Nazi invasion of the Low Countries who became a leading member of Zionist Organization of America.

1914: Birthdate of Elisabeth Dorothea Bing (née Koenigsberger) “a German physical therapist, co-founder of Lamaze International, and proponent of natural childbirth” whose parents convert to Christianity a year before her birth – a change which that did not keep the family from fleeing when the Nazis came to power since under the laws she was Jewish.

http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/17/natural-childbirth-pioneer-elisabeth-bing-dies-at-100

1915(26th of Tammuz, 5675): Emma Hyam, the daughter of London Jews Lawrence Hyam and Caroline Elias, passed away today in Hamburg, Germany.

1915: “On his return to London tonight after a fortnight’s visit to the firing line in France, Chief Rabbi Hertz of the United Hebrew Congregation of the British Empire said “that the spirit of the British and French soldiers was superbly heroic” and that the courageous troops were “inspired by the conviction that the Allies in the end would utterly crush their German and Austrian adversaries.”

1916: “A report from the Jewish Committee for Relief of the Victims of War in Petrograd and made public” today said “there are now registered with the committee 185,596 Jewish refugees, 25,000 more than were on the register last November.”

1916: The Young Judea Convention opened tonight in Long Branch, NJ where the 100 delegates heard speech from prominent local Jews and “members of the Zionist movement.

1917: In New York City, the Socialist Convention nominated Morris Hillquit to run for mayor.

1917: The 22nd annual meeting of the Educational League for the Higher Education of Orphans was held today in Cleveland Ohio.

1917: A meeting of the executive committee of the Jewish Congress was held in New York City today.

1917: The funeral for 68 year old William Simmonds, the husband of Mary Simmonds and brother of Johanna Simmonds is scheduled to be held this morning in Chicago.

1918: Birthdate of economist and Federal Reserve governor Sherman Joseph Maisel, the Buffalo, NY native and Harvard graduate “whose research on housing markets shaped decades of federal policy on mortgages.’

1918: Birthdate of Irwin Hasen, the Manhattan native best known for creating the comic strip “Dondi.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/16/arts/irwin-hasen-comic-book-artist-and-dondi-illustrator-dies-at-96.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1919: Today, in the House of Commons, “Cecil B. Harmsworth, Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs said “that many Jews have lost their lives in the course of the operations between the Russian Soviet forces and those of General Gregorieff, the commander of the Ukrainian ant-Bolshevist army” who has been described as “strongly anti-Jewish in his sympathies.”  (Editor’s note – a polite way of saying an anti-Semite who kills Jews)

1919: Harry Reubin, the husband of the former Anna Rosenman with whom he had raised five children was interred today at the “Free Sons’ Cemetery” in Chicago.

1920: In London, on the second day of Zionist Conference, “in response to the clamor for a more detailed report on Palestine, Dr. Weizmann consented to open the general debated with a survey of the work done by the Zionist Commission.”

1920(22nd of Tammuz, 5680): Sixty-two year British author and biographer Elizabeth Lee, the older sister of Sir Sidney Lee and “secretary of the English Association whose works included Wives of the Prime Ministers passed away today.

1921: Today, “after a Harlem Municipal Court had returned a verdict in favor of Matilda Pfeiffer dismissing ejectment proceedings brought by her landlord Police Lieutenant John Becker, the owner of the property,” Justice Panken directed the woman’s attorney to” file a complaint with the Mayor and the Police Commissioner because Becker, who had run an ad saying that “Jews need not apply” had apparently used police powers to oust Jewish tenants which led the judge to ask “What chance has a good citizen belonging to a race that this police Lieutenant doesn’t like when the citizen falls in his clutches?”

1921: In response to a subpoena from the Meyer Legislative Investigating Committee, Mrs. Mary Gordon “was said to have been asked to tell what Dr. Samuel Buchler, Deputy Commissioner of Markets and former Jewish chaplain of Sing Sing Prison had done in connection an unsuccessful application for a pardon for her brother Hyman Berger” who is still in prison.

1922: The Directors of the Young Men’s and Young Women’s Hebrew Association of Camden, NJ chose Dr. M. H. Spare to be directors of the two associations.

1922: Edwin Herbert Samuel, 2nd Viscount Samuel and Hadassah Samuel gave birth to David Herbert Samuel, 3rd Viscount Samuel

1923: Birthdate of Fred Kort, who survived Treblinka to become the founder/CEO of Imperial Toy Corporation and a noted philanthropist who “gave millions to dozens of Jewish causes, including Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Bar-Ilan University, the Anti-Defamation League and Israel Bonds.”

1924: In Budapest Polish-Jewish tailor Sándor Starker and his Ukrainian wife, Margit gave birth to cellist János Starker. (The NYT shows his birthdate as July 5)

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/10025887/Janos-Starker.html

1925: Forty year old Rabbi William Rosenau, the German born son of Rabbi and Johana Rosenua,who earned a PhD from Johns Hopkins today married Myra Kraus after the death of his first wife, Mabel Hellman.

1925: It was reported today that “The Judea Industrial Corporation, of which Judge Jacob S. Strahl is President, has wired $50,000 to Jerusalem to be used as loans on first mortgages on Palestine property.”

1926: “Alumni Will Assist in $15,000,000 Campaign for National Farm School” published today described plans to raise funds for the school as part of a five year plan outline by Hebert D. Allman, acting president of the institution. (As reported by JTA)

1927: Four days after he had passed away, forty-six year old Julius Daniels, the son of Bernhard and Julia Kaatz Daniels and the brother of Max, Minnie, Samuel and Hattie Daniels was interred today at the Jewish Graceland Cemetery in Chicago.

1927: “A public apology” was released today on a nationwide basis that “avoided humiliating Henry Ford” in which he asked for forgiveness for the ant-Semitism expressed in the Dearborn Independent which gave Louis Marshall a chance that this would be accepted because “the spirit of forgiveness is a Jewish trait.”

1927: Birthdate of Esther Frances Masserman, who as the author E.M. Broner “explored the double marginalization of being Jewish and female, producing a body of fiction and nonfiction that placed her in the vanguard of Jewish feminist letters.” (As reported by Margalit Fox)

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/23/books/e-m-broner-jewish-feminist-writer-dies-at-83.html?ref=deathsobituaries

https://jwa.org/thisweek/jul/08/1927/birth-of-esther-broner-co-creator-of-women-s-haggadah

1928(20th of Tammuz, 5688): Fifty-one-old Russian born “Rabbi Solomon Polyacheck, a Professor of Talmud at the Elchanan Theological Seminary passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1928/07/10/91690485.html?pageNumber=23

https://www.google.com/search?q=rabbi+solomon+Polyacheck&sxsrf=ALiCzsZzCo4N52q2yFcdzUDY_fcVxJ9b5A%3A1657150764919&source=hp&ei=LB3GYqilM7TJptQPqMeeqAI&iflsig=AJiK0e8AAAAAYsYrPHyWv92ybX7IWoz3Ji1nzrvqc5hS&ved=0ahUKEwio67XVt-X4AhW0pIkEHaijByUQ4dUDCAo&uact=5&oq=rabbi+solomon+Polyacheck&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAM6BAgjECc6BQgAEIAEOg4ILhCABBCxAxCDARDUAjoECAAQAzoLCAAQgAQQsQMQgwE6EQguEIAEELEDEIMBEMcBENEDOggILhCxAxCDAToECAAQQzoHCC4Q1AIQQzoOCC4QgAQQsQMQxwEQowI6BAguEEM6CwguEIAEEMcBEK8BOggIABCABBCxAzoHCAAQsQMQQzoKCC4QgAQQhwIQFDoFCC4QgAQ6CAguEIAEENQCUABYgE1gw4YBaAFwAHgAgAGTAYgBpg2SAQQyLjEzmAEAoAEBoAEC&sclient=gws-wiz

1929(30th of Sivan, 5689): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz

1929: Samuel Ansell, the son of Simon Ansell and Henrietta Posner both of whom had emigrated from Russia to London, passed away today in Auckland, NZ.

1930(12th of Tammuz, 5690): Composer Leo Zeitlin, the native of Pinsk whose birth name was Lev Mordukhov Tseitlin passed away today in the United States.

1930: It was reported today that the murder of Julius Rosenheim by gangsters five months ago will be investigated by the grand jury since it has been revealed that he was a paid informant for the Chicago Daily News.

1930(12th of Tammuz, 5690): Sixty-eight year old Columbia trained attorney New York State Supreme Court Justice Nathan Bijur, the New York born son of Asher and Pauline Sondheim Bijur and husband of Texan Lilly Pronich who was “a trustee of the Baron de Hirsch Fund and of the Hebrew Free Trade School and a member of Congregation B’nai Jeshurun passed away today.

https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bijur-nathan

1931: “Maxim Gorki’s charge in Isveztia that Boris Pilnyak, one of Soviet Russia’s leading novelists, and who is now in the United States, had manifested anti-Semitism in some of his writing was catergorial denied by M. Pilnyak in a statement to the Jewish Telegraphic Agency

1932: It was reported today that fourteen educational, religious and charitable institutions will receive the income from trust funds totaling $40,000 under the will of Benjamin Altschul, who died May 27, after the testament was offered for probate in Surrogate's Court.

1933: Diego von Bergen, the German Ambassador to the Vatican, sends a telegram to Berlin saying that Vice-Chancellor Franz von Papen and Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio Pacelli, the future Pope Pius XII, have initialed the Concordat between Nazi Germany and the Vatican. The official signing will not come for another 12 days.  (As reported by Austin Cline)

1934: Birthdate of Marvin Levin, the Chicago native who became a successful developer in Sacramento, CA, where he “alerted the FBI to corruption in the California Legislature in the 1980s and played a pivotal role in the ensuing sting operation.”

1934: In the East End of London, Cecilia (née Crook) and Myer Feldman, a gown manufacturer, who were Jewish immigrants from Kiev, Ukraine gave birth to award winning English comedic figure Martin Alan “Marty” Feldman best known for his role in “Young Frankenstein.”

1935: “The Raven” with a screenplay co-authored by Dore Schary was released in the United States today.

1935: Birthdate Sidney Leibowitz, the entertainer known as Steve Lawrence who teamed with his wife Edyie Gorme as a popular song and dance team. They were regulars on television variety shows in the 1950’s including Steve Allen and The Tonight Show.

1936: The Palestine Post reported that the High Commissioner, Sir Arthur Wauchope, in his personal, special radio broadcast, condemned all recent crime and violence. Eliahu Said was shot dead on his way to his small tile factory on the outskirts of Tel Aviv. A bomb was thrown at the Neveh Shalom police station. One British officer, a soldier and six policemen were injured in an Arab-set ambush between Tulkarm and Nablus.

1936: The second international conference on Jewish Social Work opens in London.

1936(18th of Tammuz, 5696): Artist and WW I veteran Arthur J. Luchs passed away today in Washington, D.C.

https://www.askart.com/artist/Arthur_J_Luchs/10033554/Arthur_J_Luchs.aspx

1936: In Pennsylvania, “Bucknell University today conferred honored degrees upon Roger Williams Straus of New York and Newton D. Baker of Cleveland, co-chairman of the national conference of Jews and Christians, for their promotion of religious liberty.”

1937: The Polish press criticized the partition plan for Palestine proposed by the British government because this smaller version of a Jewish state will not provide a large enough state to entice the majority of Polish Jews to emigrate and the Poles are adamant in being willing to do anything to rid their country of its ancient Jewish population.

1937: “Premiere Benito Mussolini today removed one of the British Government’s many anxieties over Palestine by announcing that he had forbidden any further anti-British broadcasts in Arabic or other attempts by Italy to stir up Arab hostility against the British Empire.”

1938: Birthdate of Jerry Belson the scriptwriter who won three Emmy Awards for the “Tracy Ullman Show.”

1938: U.S. premiere of “Marie Antoinette” the cinema version of Marie Antoinette: The Portrait of an Average Woman by Stefan Zweig starring Norma Shearer and Joseph Schildkraut which was “the last project of Irving Thalberg for whom Shearer converted so that they could get married.

1938: U.S. premiere of “Fast Company” a cinematic treatment of a Harry Kuritz’s novel of the same name starring Melvyn Douglas.

1938: Based on a direct order from Hitler the Great Synagogue in Munich was scheduled to be destroyed today which was German Art Day.  “A few hours before the order was carried out, the heads of the Jewish community were officially given notice of the plans. Many members of the Jewish community worked throughout the night in order to remove the Torah scrolls and ritual objects from the synagogue. The municipality only reimbursed the Jewish community for approximately one seventh of the value of the synagogue and the neighboring Jewish community building.” (As recorded by Yad Vashem)

http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/this_month/april/01.asp

1938: British Marines patrol the streets of Haifa where more than a hundred people have been killed in clashes between Arabs and Jews in the central part of the port city.

1938: La Civilta Cattolica, an official Jesuit publication founded by Pope Pius IX and published under the direct control of the papacy, prints a study on the "question of the Jews in Hungary." The author defends Hungary as "the most solid and indestructible fortress of Christianity" but laments how "disastrous" the presence of Jews has been for "the religious, moral, and social life of the Hungarian people." (As reported by Austin Cline)

1939(21st of Tammuz, 5699): Parashat Pinchas

1939(21st of Tammuz, 5699:) Mrs. Rose Lee Wind, a public school teacher in the Bronx, the wife of Rabb Solomon Wind and the daughter of Rabbi Azriel Flax passed away today.

1939(21st of Tammuz, 5699): Seventy-eight year old Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman the son of banker Joseph Seligman, the Columbia University professor who was a proponent of the graduated income tax and a founder of both the American Economic Association and the American Association of University Professors passed away today.

1940: Lester Baum, a film technician at Technicolor, and his wife, Nelda, a seamstress at Columbia Pictures gave birth to Richard Baum “who confessed to having no inkling as a Jewish American kid growing up in West Los Angeles that he would become a Sinologist.”

1940(2nd of Tammuz, 5700): David Benvenisti, Sephardic representative of the Tel Aviv Municipal Council, passed away the age of 48. Benvenisti was born in Turkey and had made aliyah from Egypt over 20 years prior. Thousands attended the funeral of this modest man who dedicated his life to public service.

1940: Birthdate of Baruch Arnon, the Yugoslav born American pianist and music teach who taught at the Israel Academy of Music before joining the faculty of the Juilliard School.

1941: As the Wehrmacht conquered the town of Lachwa, a Polish town that had been in the Soviet Occupation Zone, many Jews tried to escape with the retreating Red Army.  Those left behind included Zionist leader Dov Lopatyn and Rabbi Hayyim Zalman Osherowitz who was arrested by the Germans.

1941(13th of Tammuz, 5701): Moses Schorr, Rabbi, Polish historian, politician, Bible scholar, Assyriologist and orientalist died at the NKVD's 5th concentration camp in Posty, Uzbekistan. Rabbi Schorr had fled east to the Soviet Zone to avoid capture by the Nazis.  Instead of freedom, he found himself in the clutches of the Soviet security apparatus.  While his life was a testament to scholarship and community service, his death serves as a reminder that the Jews of Europe died because they really had no place to go.

1941: Today, twenty-eight year old Dartmouth College graduate and NYSE seat holder Orvil Dryoos married Marian Sulzberger, daughter of publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberg, whose shoes he would fill starting in 1961.

1941(13th of Tammuz, 5701): The Ponary Executions begin. Hundreds of Jews were taken to the resort of Ponary, stripped of all belongings, marched to the edge of a fire pit and then shot into the pit. Ponary was near Vilna, Lithuania. Over 100,000 Jews were murdered there and buried in pits. In 1943, the SS dug up the pits and burned the bodies in an attempt to hide their crime.

1941: Jews in the Baltic States (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia) are forced to wear a distinguishing Jewish badge. Within months the Germans and local anti-Semites will murder most of the Baltic countries' Jewish population of one-quarter million.

1941: At Liepāja, Latvia, Werner Hartman, a German war correspondent “was present at the killing site from 11:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., and saw about 200 people killed. The procedure was for the Latvian "freedom fighters" (as they were called by Hartman) to drive the victims ten at a time into a long ditch that ended in a pit. There they would be aligned in a double row, and shot, generally by Germans, but possibly by Latvians. The area around the execution site was guarded by Germans and Latvians, the latter distinguishable by their red-white-red armbands.”

1941(13th of Tammuz, 5701): Hundreds of Jews are killed at Noua Sulita, Romania

1942: Today’s entry in the diary of Adam Czerniakow, the head of the Judenrate in Warsaw, reflected his understanding of the impending doom facing the Jewish People.

1942: Seven thousand Lvov, Ukraine, Jews are murdered at the labor and extermination camp called Janówska (Ukraine)

1942: Iconic America author Ernest Hemingway wrote to his publisher Maxwell Perkins, describing Nelson Algren’s second novel Never Come Morning saying “I think it very, very good. It is as fine and good stuff to come out of Chicago...."

1942: Jewish partisan Vitka Kempner and two others leave the Jewish ghetto at Vilna, Lithuania, carrying a land mine with which they hope to disable a German military train on tracks five miles to the southeast.

1943: During World War II when the Red Army was doing most of the fighting against the Wehrmacht “the largest pro-Soviet rally ever in the United States was held today at the Polo Grounds, where 50,000 people listened to Solomon Mikhoels, Itzik Fefer, Fiorello La Guardia, Sholem Asch, and Chairman of World Jewish Congress Rabbi Stephen Wise.

1943: “Bruno Kittel, an Oberscharfuhrer in the German Security Police, drove into the Vilna ghetto and summoned Jacob Gens, the chief of the Jewish Police and the de facto head of the ghetto and demanded the immediate surrender of Itzik Wittenberg, the Communist commander of the Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye (FPO), the United Partisans Organization, the ghetto’s underground resistance movement.” (As reported by Menachem Kaiser)

1943(5th of Tammuz, 5703): Sixty-nine-year-old Vienna native and child piano prodigy Professor Jullius Preuever, the conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra from 1924 to 1933 and a “member of the New York College of Music since 1940” passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1943/07/09/85109560.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0

1944:  Between July 8 and July 13, Red Army troops and Jewish partisans kill about 8000 German soldiers at Vilna.  The Soviet forces were commanded by Colonel General I.D. Cherniakhovsky, reportedly the youngest of the leading Russian generals.  When “asked if he was a Jew, Cherniakhovsky said, ‘My parents were.’”

1944: “Johnny Doesn’t Live Here Any More” the last film direct by Joe May and starring Simone Simon, “the daughter of Henri Louis Firmin Champmoynat, a French Jewish engineer, airplane pilot in World War II, who died in a concentration camp” was released in the United States today.

1944(17th of Tammuz, 5704): Parashat Balak

1944(17th of Tammuz, 5704): At Auschwitz, today, Mirjam Braun scratched her name, today’s date and a Star of David into a brick for reasons that remain a mystery seven decades later.

http://www.nytimes.com/1987/02/18/world/warsaw-journal-an-album-of-hte-doomed-the-art-of-auschwitz.html

1944(17th of Tammuz, 5704): In France, Marianne Cohn was killed along with five non-Jewish resistance fighters who were trying to escort a group of Jewish children to safety.

1944(17th of Tammuz, 5704): Seventy-year old Arthur Lenz died today in Berlin.

1944: Liquidation of the Kovno Ghetto

1944: In San Francisco, “Eileen (née Salzberg), a housewife, and Michael Bernard "Mike" Tambor, a flooring contractor” gave birth to Jeffrey Michael Tambor who won the “Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series – Musical or Comedy in 2015” for his portrayal of Maura Pfefferman on the television series “Transparent.”

1944: There was a temporary halt to the deportation of the Hungarian Jews. By now some 437,000 Hungarian Jews had been deported. Another 170,000 still remained. Adolph Eichmann had other plans for them

1945: “Skorzeny Directed Terror” published today described how “Jews…were shot in droves in October, 1944 after the pro-Nazi Arrow Cross Forces…had overthrown the Hungarian government of Admiral Nicholas Horthy” in a “revolt inspired by Otto Skorzeny” the SS officer responsible for rescuing Mussolini.

1946: “The Years Between” a film version of the novel of the same name with music by Benjamin Frankel was released today in the United Kingdom.

1947: Doctor Chaim Weizmann appeared before the United Nations Special committee on Palestine.  In answering the question as to why the Jewish home had to be in Eretz-Israel, Weizmann.  He attributed the responsibility to Moses, “who acted from divine inspiration.  He might have brought us to the United States, and instead of the Jordan we might have had the Mississippi.  It would have been an easier task.  He chose to stop here.  We are an ancient people with an old history, and you cannot deny your history and begin afresh.

1948: With the reluctant approval of the General Staff, the order was given to abandon Kfar Darom.  The Israelis conducted the evacuation under the cover of darkness carrying their weapons and two Torah Scrolls after having destroyed the supplies and equipment they could not carry.

1948: During the War of Independence, the First Truce comes to an end a day earlier than planned when Egyptian forces begin their attacks in the Negev.

1948: Operation Dekel began today with the 7th Armored Brigade under the command of Canadian volunteer Ben Dunkelman in the lead.

1948: Today marks the first day in the Battles of Ten Days during which the Golani Brigade “managed to repel the Arab Liberation Army attack on Sejera from Lubya, and helped capture Nazareth and eventually Lubya in Operation Dekel.”

1948: Funeral services for Bernard D. Rubin, the president of the Sweets Company of America which manufactures Tootsie Rolls are scheduled to be hold this morning at Temple Emanu-El in New York City.

1948: For the fifth time, Israeli forces attacked the Egyptian-held police fort of Iraq Suwaydan

1948: Today, “the Arab League decided to set up a temporary civil administration in Palestine, to be directly responsible to the Arab League” but King Abdullah of Jordan was opposed to the plan since he annexed eastern Jerusalem and the “west bank” to his kingdom and the Egyptian’s eventually established their own High Commissioner as a replace for the still born “civil administration.

1949: After the delegates from Syria and Israel met today at Mishmar Hay Yarden, “Israeli Lt. Col. Mordekahi Mekleff said an armistice would be signed with Syria “next week” thanks in no small measure to the efforts of Brig. General William Riley of the United States Marine Corps who is serving as the UN representative.

1950: In Tel Aviv, Jaffa and Haifa, Leftists, including Communists and members of Mapam marched in protest against the government’s policy regarding fighting in Korea.

1951: Journalist Anthony Lewis married dancer Linda J. Rannells.

1951, The Jerusalem Post reported that the Foreign Minister Moshe Sharett made his first official visit to Nazareth. The State of Israel, Sharett told some 5,000 Arabs at an outdoor assembly, first in Hebrew and then in Arabic, considered Nazareth a valuable trust. He blamed the Arab states for failing to negotiate a final peace with Israel.

1952: The Republican National Convention which Walter A Hass, the President of Levi Strauss attended as an alternate, continued for a second day in Chicago.

1954(7th of Tammuz, 5714): Fifty-eight-year-old Russian born  NYU trained physician  arthritis researcher Dr. Joseph Jay Bunim who in 1910 came to the United States where his work led him to become “clinical director of the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases in Bethesda, MD while raising a son, Michael and two daughters with his wife Miriam Schild Bunim passed away today.

https://ard.bmj.com/content/annrheumdis/23/6/510.full.pdf

https://www.google.com/search?q=Joseph+Bunim&source=hp&ei=fvdjY9b3HLOF0PEPo-C3yA4&iflsig=AJiK0e8AAAAAY2QFjoctFY5uAv7QMDWqmnhmcrYAe9eP&ved=0ahUKEwjWrtb5wZL7AhWzAjQIHSPwDekQ4dUDCAo&uact=5&oq=Joseph+Bunim&gs_lcp=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&sclient=gws-wiz

1954: In London, Lavender and Sam Aronovitch gave birth to David Aaronovitch a regular columnist for The Times, and author of Paddling to Jerusalem: An Aquatic Tour of Our Small Country and Voodoo Histories: the role of Conspiracy Theory in Modern History He won the George Orwell Prize for political journalism in 2001, and the What the Papers Say "Columnist of the Year" award for 2003.

1956: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for seventy-nine year old Lithuanian native Kalman Marmor who in 1906 came to the United States where he pursued a career in journalism with such publications as “the Jewish daily Morning Freiheit” and the Daily Forward.

https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/marmor-kalman

http://www.yivoarchives.org/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=32584

1957(9th of Tammuz, 5717): Eighty-year-old Russian born professor of account at St. Louis who in 1905 came to the United States where “he was a life-long work for the Jewish National Fund” passed away today in Los Angeles.”

1959: “Four hundred delegates and accredited visitors including 140 from the U.S. and Canada are attending the week-long “eleventh international biennial conference of the World Union for Progressive Judaism” that began today in London

1963(16th of Tammuz, 5723): Ninety-one year old Columbia Law School trained attorney and realtor Benjamin Jonas Weil, the husband of “the former, Juliana Pollock” with whom he raised two daughter and the brother of L. Victor Weil with whom he expanded their father’s real estate business into B.J .and L.V. Weil Company” while serving as “a trustee of the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies and President of Congregation Zichron Ephraim, passed away today.

1966: Birthdate of Haifa native Hagai Shaham the Israeli violinist who gained fame bringing the works of another Jewish violinist, Joseph Achron of blessed memory, to the attention of classical music lovers and is the musical “partner” of Arnon Erez.

http://www.hagaishaham.com/

1967: During what became the War of Attrition, “an Egyptian Air Force MiG-21 is shot down by Israeli air defenses while on a reconnaissance mission over el-Qanatra. Two Su-7s equipped with cameras are then sent out to carry out the mission, and manage to complete several turns over Sinai without any opposition. Two other Su-7s are sent for another reconnaissance mission hours later, but are attacked by Israeli Air Force fighter jets. One Su-7 is shot down”

1968(12 of Tammuz, 5728): Seventy-eight year old Jacob da Silva Solis-Cohen, Jr. the son of Dr. Jacob da Silva Solis-Cohen and Miriam Binswanger Solis-Cohen who “was President of Mastbaum Brothers and Fleisher and of Albert M. Greenfield and Company” and held the “Presidencies of the Jewish Publication Society of America and the Philadelphia Branch of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America” passed away today.

1969(22nd of Tammuz, 5729): Leo Translateur, the husband of Kate Translateur passed away today in New York City.

1969: Israeli defense officials reported that today, the IAF had “downed seven Syrian MIG-21’s in a series of” “spectacular dogfights that took place in midafternoon between Damascus…and El Quneitra” while losing no planes, a claim that the Syrians disputed because they reported that the Israelis had lost four aircraft to three for the Syrians.

1973(8th of Tammuz, 5733): Ben-Zion Dinur, a Russian born Zionist activist, educator, historian and Israeli politician who had made Aliyah in 1921 passed away.

http://www.knesset.gov.il/mk/eng/mk_eng.asp?mk_individual_id_t=363

1974(18th of Tammuz, 5734): Forty-five year old Mark “Moose” Charlap, the native Philadelphian who composed the music for several Broadway hits, most notably “Peter Pan”, passed away today.

1976: Chaim Herzog, Israel’s chief delegate to the UN met with Secretary Kurt Waldheim today after Waldheim issued a statement calling on the world community “to act urgently against ‘increasingly pervasive and pernicious practice of terrorism.’”  The statement was only issued after Waldheim had been criticized by the United States for describing the raid on Entebbe as a “serious violation of the sovereignty of Uganda” without making reference to the hostages facing death at the hands of their captors who had been welcomed by the Ugandans.

1976: Kurt Waldheim, Secretary-General of the United Nations, issued a statement today “immediately after his return from Africa in which he gave a detailed account of the role he had played in efforts to secure the release of the hostages at Entebbe.”

1976: The Jerusalem Post reported that for the sixth successive month this year, Israel's exports exceeded the official target by 20 percent. Israel's foreign currency reserves increased by $11m., reaching $1,034m., a sign of the positive trend in Israel's trade.

1976: The Jerusalem Post reported that a facsimile edition of the Aleppo Codex - the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible - was unveiled to the press in Jerusalem. The Aleppo-Codex was written in Palestine in the early tenth century. It is the earliest known Hebrew manuscript comprising the full text of the Tanach. The Codex was taken to Egypt in the eleventh century and then to the Syrian city of Aleppo (hence its name) in the fourteenth century. The Codex was moved to its final, permanent home in Jerusalem in 1958.

1977: “The Bad News Bears in Breaking Training” produced by Leonard Goldberg and written by Paul Brickman was released in the United States.

1980: A revival of Lerner and Loewe’s musical “Camelot” opened at the New York State Theater at Lincoln Center.

1980: The Eldridge Street Synagogue was designated as a New York City Landmark.

1981: The 11th Maccabiah Games in which “3,500 athletes from 35 countries are participating” continued for a third day.

1981(6th of Tammuz, 5741): Seventy-nine year old American artist Isaac Soyer, the younger brother of Moses and Raphael Soyer passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/16/obituaries/isaac-soyer-a-painter-of-the-american-scene.html

1982(17th of Tammuz, 5742): Tzom Tammuz

1982: “O’Hara’s Wife” starring Edward Asner and featuring Tom Bosley and Nehemiah Persoff was released in the United States today.

1983: “Deadly Force,” a mindless action film featuring Estelle Getty and Ned Eisenberg was released today in the United States.

1983(27th of Tammuz, 5743): Seventy-two year old biochemist David Ezra Green passed away today.

http://www.nap.edu/read/10992/chapter/8

1985(19th of Tammuz, 5745): Seventy-two year old “comedian and character actor” and WW II veteran Phil Foster, born Fivel Feldman, who was best known for playing the role of the Pizza making father of Laverne in the sit-com “Laverne and Shirley” passed away today.

http://articles.latimes.com/1985-07-09/news/mn-8149_1_phil-foster

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6804724#view-photo=321914

1985: Twenty-six years after its premiere on Broadway, a production of “Sweet Bird of Youth” directed by Harold Pinter and starring Lauren Bacall opened in London’s West End at the Haymarket Theatre.

1986: Kurt Waldheim was inaugurated as President of Austria despite controversy over his service in the Nazi Army during World War II.  Waldheim had already served as Secretary-General of the U.N.  His Nazi past increased a growing antipathy among some Jews for the international body.

1986(1st of Tammuz, 5746): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz

1988(23rd of Tammuz, 5748): Seventy-six-year-old Atara Tzofar, the Bavarian born daughter of Bertha and Max Neuberg and the husband of Ze’ev Tzofar passed away today in Israel.

1990: HBO broadcast the first episode of “Dream On” a sitcom created by Marta Kauffman and David Crane.

1996: Ariel Sharon succeeded Yitzhak Levy as Minister of National Infrastructure.

1997(3rd of Tammuz, 5757): Eight-four year old Max Youngstein, the “head of production and marketing for United Artists from 1951 to 1962” passed away today. (As reported by Milt Freudenheim)

http://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/11/business/max-youngstein-84-helped-run-united-artists.html

1997: Sivan Shalom began serving as Deputy Minister of Defense.

1999: The Israeli Supreme Court ruled 2-1 that Israeli citizens can choose either secular or religious dates for their tombstones, thus limiting the power of Orthodox rabbis. Chief Justice Aharon Barak writes: “If, in this non-theocratic state, the court fails to set the limits of religious freedom, we will be totally neglecting the feelings of the population" (As reported by Austin Cline)

2000(5th of Tammuz, 5760): Parsahat Korach

2000(5th of Tammuz, 5760): Eighty-five year old Ronne Wohl Wulwick, the widow of Joseph S. Wohl , the wife of Sam Wulwick and founder of the outreach program of Hineni passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/13/nyregion/ronne-wohl-wulwick-85-jewish-advocate.html

https://www.hineni.org/

2001(17th of Tammuz, 5761): Tzom Tammuz

2001: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for ninety-year-old Leonard Pines, the son of Isidore Pinkowitz, the second generation head of Hebrew National Kosher Foods who shortened the family name and transformed the family business, making it synonymous with kosher foods for several generations of Americans.

https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2001-07-06-0107060076-story.html

2001: “Barenboim plays Wagner Some Israeli listeners protest; most applaud” published today described the reaction to conductor Daniel Barneboim’s decision to play music by Wagner at the Israel Festival  for which he received “a standing ovation from most of the audience, but angry shouts from a vocal minority.”

2002: After returning from his vacation in Maine, today President Bush said that “he was comfortable with Israel’s current position” but that as the situation on the West Bank changes he “will call upon the Israelis to allow for more freedom of movement by the Palestinian people” as they develop the institutions necessary for the emergence of a Palestinian state.

2003: Judith Miller met with I. Lewis “Scooter” Libby, “the Vice President’s chief of staff” after which Valery Plame’s identity as a C.I.A. agent was “publicly divulged.”

2003(8th of Tammuz, 5763): Eighty-four year old journalist and “anti-apartheid activist” Colin Legum passed away today.

http://spartacus-educational.com/JOUlegum.htm

2003: Today, Wikipedia, the informational website, introduced its Hebrew language version.

2004(19th of Tammuz, 5764): Seventy-seven year old Rabbi Albert Hoschander Friedlander passed away. Born in Germany his family escaped to Cuba before finally settling in Vicksburg, MS.  After graduating from the University of Chicago and the Hebrew Union College he carved out a career as a leader of the Reform Movement who championed Civil Rights and inter-faith activities that would improve relations between Christians and Jews.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2004/jul/13/guardianobituaries.germany

2005: Lea Fastow a former Enron assistant treasurer and the wife of Enron executive Andrew Fastow, who “pled guilty to a misdemeanor tax charge and was sentenced to one year in a federal prison in Houston, and an additional year of supervised release” was transferred to a halfway house today.

2006: Andy Ram became the first Israeli to win a grand slam tennis title when he partnered Russia's Vera Zvonareva to win the Wimbledon mixed doubles crown.

2007: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including More Sex Is Safer Sex: The Unconventional Wisdom of Economics by Steven E. Landsburg, the Jewish economics professor who also wrote Why Jews Don’t Farm and The Last Novel by David Markson which In rhythm and tonality, if not in content, hints at the incantations of the Kaddish. 

2007: TheMarker newspaper won the Platinum Award for the most effective advertising or marketing campaign at the 2007 Effie Awards in Israel.

2008:  In Israel, an International Conference on the Dead Scrolls comes to an end.

2008: Ryan “Braun hit his 56th home run in his 200th game, the third-highest total ever in a major leaguer's initial 200 games.”

2008: Albert Louis “was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws (LLD) degree by the University of Ulster in recognition of his contribution to human rights and justice globally.”

2008: The New York Times describes the release of the DVD version “Hill 24 Doesn’t Answer.”

Among the first features produced in the State of Israel, “Hill 24 Doesn’t Answer” was also the last film to be directed by Thorold Dickinson, a British director best known for the gothic thrillers “Gaslight” (1940) and “The Queen of Spades” (1949). “Hill 24,” released in 1955, has no obvious gothic elements but manages to be just as claustrophobic and doom-laden as Dickinson’s more famous films. Dickinson begins with a series of shots of bodies face down in the dust, suggesting that all will not turn out well. Then he shifts into a complex flashback structure, as three members of a small Israeli unit trying to claim a hill overlooking Jerusalem in the last days of the 1947 conflict recount how they came to be there. A former British officer (Edward Mulhare) is drawn to the Israeli cause by his infatuation with a beautiful student (Haya Harareet); an American tourist (Michael Wager) becomes obsessed with visiting the Old City of Jerusalem; an Israeli officer (Arich Lavi) finds himself face to face with a former German soldier fighting on the Palestinian side. If the film was meant as propaganda, it’s of a particularly perverse kind: there are no calls to glory, no heroic exploits to invite imitation, only the spectacle of a few individuals acting on a sense of personal obligation with little expectation of success. Dickinson stages much of the action at night, and the Israeli raid on the Old City becomes a study in combat noir, exploring all the expressionist possibilities of Jerusalem’s narrow streets and vertiginous drop-offs.

2009: In Jerusalem, The Sala Manca Group presents a program entitled “Köken Ergun : 3 Films, Projects and Talk” in which the Istanbul born video artist shows three of his works “I, Soldier,” "Tanklove,” and "Wedding” and then talks about his research and project at Betselem archives, and how those materials relate to his own work.

2009: Richard Ravitch began serving as Lieutenant Governor of New York.

2010: Samuel Estreicher is scheduled to discuss an amicus brief he filed on behalf of the American Jewish Committee, et al., in the Christian Legal Society v. Martinez Supreme Court case, involving competing values of non-discrimination and freedom of association and the international law aspects of the Gaza blockade at noon time meeting sponsored by The DC Hadassah Attorneys' Council 

 2010: Brandeis University today named Frederick M. Lawrence, dean of George Washington Law School and a former Boston University law professor, as its eighth president..

2011: Massada College, which was founded in Adelaide in 1975, and is the only Jewish school in South Australia, is scheduled to cease operating today.

2011: Dan Shapiro was sworn in as U.S. Ambassador to Israel by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton today. (As reported by Jewish Virtual Library)

2011: Jennifer Chaddick and her family are scheduled to participate in Shabbat Eve services at Temple Judah as part of her Bat Mitzvah weekend.

2011: The Israeli trade office in Taiwan said today that it had accepted Taiwan's apology for photos on a government website showing students in Nazi uniforms.

2011: Police diverted two passenger aircraft that landed at Ben-Gurion International Airport today and detained at least 250 suspected pro-Palestinian activists that landed at the airport for questioning.

2012: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Superman, Larry Tye’s definitive work about the comic book creation of Cleveland Jews Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster and  the recently released paperback edition of Reckless Endangerment: How Outsized Ambition, Greed, and Corruption Created the Worst Financial Crisis of Our Time by Gretchen Morgenson and Joshua Rosner

2012: “This History of Invulnerability” by David Bar Katz is scheduled to have its final performance at Theatre J-DCJC.

2012: The Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center and the Chicago Yivo Society are scheduled to co-host the Second Annual Sarah Lazarus Memorial Concert.

2012: The State Attorney’s Office will reportedly close the case against former Military Intelligence chief Eli Zeira, who was accused of revealing the identity of Mossad agent Ashraf Marwan during the Yom Kippur War, Channel 2 reported today.

2012: Hamas continues to believe in armed resistance against Israel, a movement spokesman said today, contradicting a statement by Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas over the weekend that the Islamic organization prefers non-violent means to combat

2013: “Wild West Hebron” is among the films scheduled to be shown today at the 30th Jerusalem Film Festival.

2013: The government's haredi enlistment bill will be enacted as early as August, Finance Minister Yair Lapid announced today, but more experienced coalition sources doubted he will be able to keep his promise.

2013: An incident of vandalism carried out by a Muslim student at the University of Duisburg-Essen triggered sharp criticism today over the lack of public and university opprobrium toward the apparent criminal act

2014: The 92nd Street Y is scheduled to host a lecture by Ruth Feldstein entitled “Black Women Entertainers and the Civil Rights Movement.”

2014: The Historic 6th & I Synagogue is scheduled to host Jewish Meditation Sangha.

2014: Israel launched Operation Protective Edge today.

2014: As sirens went on the Sharon plains and Caesarea a total of 117 rockets were fired from Gaza at targets in Israel including Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.

2014: “Five armed terrorists attempted to infiltrate Israel this evening when they entered kibbutz Zikim through the sea.

2015: The Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education is scheduled to host a “Tailgate Party” marking the official opening of its “Auto/Biography” exhibit.

2015: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington celebrated the 10th anniversary of Special Project Manager Clair Uziel and the 15th anniversary of Director of Collections Wendy Turman,

2015: In Philadelphia, the National Museum of American Jewish History is scheduled to show “Shampoo” as parts of ‘70s Summer Cinema Program.

2015: “Beyond Fear,” “a controversial film based on the life of Yigal Amir” the man who murdered Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin “was screened in Jerusalem” this evening.

2015: The National Museum of American Jewish History is scheduled to host the first in its Summer Teen Mobile Photography Workshops.

2016(2nd of Tammuz, 5776): “Jewish Russian-American supercentenarian Goldie Michelson” passed away today at the age of 113 years and 335 days in Worcester, Massachusetts.

http://www.chabad.org/news/article_cdo/aid/3378751/sc/fb/jewish/Goldie-Michelson-the-Oldest-American-Passes-Away-at-Nearly-114.htm

2016(2nd of Tammuz, 5776): Ninety-two year old economics professor and mathematician Howard Raiffa, “a co-founder of the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard” passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/14/business/howard-raiffa-mathematician-who-studied-decision-making-dies-at-92.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

2016: “Scantily dressed women took to the streets of Tel Aviv today for the annual “SlutWalk” protest, which highlights a woman’s right to wear whatever she chooses want without facing sexual harassment”

2016: Following a screening of “Pulp Fiction” American filmmaker Quentin Tanantino is scheduled to engage in a Q & A with the audience at the Jerusalem Film Festival.

2016: The Hub Theatre and the Jewish Community Center of Northern Virginia are scheduled to present the world premiere of “Redder Blood” a new play Helen Pafumi which was named “Best New Jewish Play of 2016.”

2016: The Dallas Holocaust Museum Center for Education and Tolerance, which is located near where the shootings” that claimed he lives of five police officers occurred, had to close today so authorities could continue their investigation while at the same time “Roberta Clark, director of ADL’s Dallas regional office and the Jewish Council for Public Affairs condemned the attacks.

2017(14th of Tammuz, 5777): Parashat Balak

2017: Because of Shabbat, the Maccabiah Games will resume tomorrow.

2017(14th of Tammuz, 5777):  On the Jewish calendar, Yahrzeit of Rabbi Joseph Ben Moses Trani of Safed.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/trani-joseph-ben-moses

2017:  This evening, “as dusk embraces the stones of the citadel, the story of Jerusalem comes to life with breathtaking images and sounds projected on the ancient walls of the Tower of David in the renowned Sound and Light show, The Night Spectacular.”

2018: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Tailspin: The People and Forces Behind America’s Fifty-Year Fall --- and Those Fighting to Reverse It by Steven Brill and Basic Black With Pearls by Helen Weinzweig

2018: The 9th Annual AXELROD Israel Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to being tonight in Deal, NJ.

2018: As part of the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center’s “Survivor Talks” series, Budapest native Vera Burstyn is scheduled to describe a tale that includes “living in a Red Cross orphanage” and staying with “an aunt with Swedish papers” during the Nazi Occupation. (Editor’s note – were those “Swedish papers some of those documents created by Raoul Wallenberg?)

2018: “The Maimonides Scholars Program, a two-week immersive summer institute for advanced high school students hosted at Yale University” is scheduled to come to an end today.

2019(5th of Tammuz, 5779): Sixty-four year old Michael Seidenberg, the Brooklyn born son of bookkeeper Dorthoy Hara and garment worker Sam Seidenberg and husband of Nicky Roe who was the owner of  Brazenhead Books, “the clandestine bookshop and literary salon’ passed away today. (As reported by Neil Genzlinger)

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/15/books/michael-seidenberg-dead.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=Obituaries

2019: Sixty-six year old “Jeffrey E. Epstein, a billionaire New York financier long accused of molesting dozens of girls, who was arrested on July 6 and charged with sex trafficking by federal prosecutors and whose previous plea agreement had been negotiated a federal prosecutor now serving as Donald Trump’s Secretary of Labor, “is expected to appear before a federal magistrate” today.

2019: The Lior Milliger Free Improvisation Trio, led by Lior who “received his Bachelor degree in jazz performance, Composition and Music Education from The Jerusalem Academy of Music” and who while Israel “established himself as a leading figure in the jazz education and saxophone instructing fields” is scheduled to perform tonight at the Bushwick Public House in Brooklyn.

2019: The YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to host “The Folklore of Ashkenaz,” a talk delivered in Yiddish that “will examine how Jewish folklore, and Ashkenazic (Yiddish) Jewish folklore in particular is different from other folklores around the world, while at the same time, discussing how it shares many of the same characteristics.

2019: Rabbi Dr. Raphael Zarum, the Dean of the London School of Jewish Studies is scheduled to lecture on “The Moon Landing and the Torah: Reflections on the 50th anniversary of the first humans landing on the Moon.”

2019: This afternoon, the Jewish Museum in London is scheduled to host The Haggadah from Ihringen: A “Budget” Illuminated Manuscript during which Dr. Zvi Orgad will explore the evolution of the work of Abraham of Ihringen “though an analysis of the illustrations and letters in one of his Haggadot that are “on permanent display at the museum.

https://jewishmuseum.org.uk/event/the-haggadah-from-ihringen/

2020: Via Zoom, Touro Synagogue in New Orleans is scheduled to host Dr. Jason Gaines, the Director of Undergraduate Studies for the Dept. of Jewish Studies at Tulane University, where he teaches Hebrew Bible and Early Judaism as he lectures on “Sickness, Disease, and Disability in Biblical Texts.”
2020: The Addison Penzak JCC Los Gatos is scheduled to host via Zoon “Shuk and Cook” during which attendees “will learn, talk, and cook together Sabich Salad, Cheese and spinach phyllo burekas, Halva Mousse and mint lime margarita.”

2020: ME’AH is scheduled to present online “O People of the Book”: The Relationship Between Islam and Judaism.”

2020: Jewish Genealogy Society of Cleveland is scheduled to host a virtual program on “Problem with ‘Grave’ Errors in our Cemeteries” will be led by Rabbi Akiva Feinstein on Zoom.”

2020: As the Pandemic worsens, Israelis scheduled for “many outpatient services such as surgeries tests” may experience a delay due to yesterday’s order by health officials that hospitals “reduce activity in some outpatient clinics and surgical departments in order to redirect all staff and resources into fighting coronavirus.

2021: Dr. Alexandra Dunietz is scheduled to discuss her longtime collaboration with Professor June Cummins, researching author Sydney Taylor's family, LES childhood, work with Lee Strasberg and Martha Graham, decades of work at Cejwin Camps, and literary success at the Museum at Eldridge Street.

2021: The ADL and the National Constitution Center are scheduled to partner together for their annual Supreme Court Review.

2021: In Cedar Rapids, the Hadassah Book Club is scheduled to meeet in-person and over Zoom to discuss the book, The Middlesteins by Jamie Attenberg.

2021: The Jewish Community Library  is scheduled to host a discussion of Isabel Wilkerson’s book, subtitled “The Origin of Our Discontents,” about anti-Black racism in U.S. history, the caste system in India and Nazi Germany.

2021: The London School of Jewish Studies is scheduled to host Joanne Greenaway for the final stand-alone session on honoring parents in difficulties situations of abuse and dementia as part of the "Fifth commandment and parent-child dynamics today" course.

2021: Hamquom is scheduled to host the final session of “The Last Days of Pompeii: A Jewish Perspective.”

2021: The YIVO Institute is scheduled to present “Yiddish Ethnography and An-Ski.”

https://programs.cjh.org/event/yiddish-ethnography-2021-07-08

2022: In Lockdown University is scheduled to a webinar with Rabbi Shippel lecturing on the Parsha of the Week – Chukat.

2022: In Cedar Rapids, IA, Shabbat Evening Services are scheduled to feature the baby naming for Lydia Pennington, the granddaughter of music man Bill Carson which will included an Oneg sponsored by the Carson and Pennington Families.

2022: The Bloomfield Science Museum in Jerusalem is scheduled to host an “Israeli Shabbat.”

2022: Based on the latest published reports, so far seven people have died as a result of the Fourth of July attack in Highland Park, Il and of them four are Jewish.

2023: In Berkley, CA, A Laboratory for Jewish Culture is scheduled to present a drop-in Kabbalah course taught by LABA Bay faculty and GTU professor Sam Shonkoff followed by group-led Havdalah ceremony with tea, wine and potluck food.

2023: In Jerusalem, the Eden Tamir music center is scheduled to host Hadas Fabrikant, violin; Yoni Etzion, cello and Einat Fabrikant, piano as they perform “The Best of Chamber Musick

2023(19th of Tammuz, 5783): Parashat Pinchas; for more see https://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/