This Day, June 27, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

JUNE 27

1096: Massacres of the Jews took place in Xanten and Eller (Germany). This was the second massacre at Xanten in a month. Fifty Jews died. At Eller, five Jewish community leaders were assigned the task (by the community) of killing all the members and then themselves rather than suffer at the hands of the Crusaders. Out of a community of three hundred, only four remained, badly wounded.

1240: In Paris, a commission that was making an inquiry into the nature of the Talmud with a specific interest into alleged derogatory comments about Jesus ended its deliberation after three days.  The commission condemned the Talmud to be burned.  The sentence of condemnation was not executed.  Apparently Archbishop Walter Cornutus of Sens, a prelate influential with the King, interceded on behalf of the Jews and succeeded in having many of the confiscated volumes of the Talmud returned to their rightful owners

1462: Birthdate of Louis XII who expelled the Jews from Provence in 1501.

1458: Ferdinand I began his reign as King of Naples during which he provided refuges for the Jews expelled from Spain.

1570(23^rd of Tammuz): Cabbalist Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, known as Ramak, passed away in Safed.

1651: William Prynne, the Puritan leader who was an outspoken opponent of re-admitting Jews to England, and who “was sentenced to be imprisoned during life, to be fined £5,000, to be expelled from Lincoln's Inn, to be deprived of his degree by the university of Oxford, and to lose both his ears in the pillory” for his attacks on dramatic performances and King Charles I was moved to Taunton Castle today after spending a year in Dunster Castle.

1709: Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava. The Russian victory marked the beginning of the end for Sweden as a major European military and political power. Charles XI, the father of Charles XII had banned Jews from living in Sweden.  Charles XII did not adhere to his father’s wishes since he used Jewish merchants as court treasurers and royal paymaster for his armies when they were in the field.  The father’s religious concerns were overridden by the son’s financial needs.  Peter the Great did not want Jews living in his ever expanding kingdom.  During the war with Sweden, when the fighting reached Poland, Russian soldiers were given in a free hand in looting and pillaging the Jewish property and taking whatever liberties they wished with the Jewish populace.

1723: Today, Isaac de Sequeira Samuda or Isaac de Sequeyra Samudaa British physician and poet who was of Portuguese-Jewish descent and was the first member of the Samuda family to settle in Britain was elected a fellow of the Royal Society

1741: Joseph and Leah Tobias gave birth to Rinah Tobia who became Rinah de Lyon when she married Isaac de Lyone with whom she had four children – Esther, Judith, Hannah and Abraham.

1758: David Franks wrote Colonel George Washington regarding a shipment of freight to him from Philadelphia and wishing him “a Successful Campaign.” (Editor’s note: This was probably a  reference to fighting during the French-Indian War.)

1787: After 25 years of work, Edward Gibbon completes the manuscript of the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.  Gibbon had a very low opinion of the Jewish people describing them as the “disturbers of the religious harmony of the ancient world” who had emerged from the deserved obscurity resulting from the enslavement by the Assyrians and Babylonians to observe their “peculiar rites and unsocial manners” with “sullen obstinacy.” [Ed. Note: It only gets worse after this.]

1804: In Berlin, jeweler David Jacob Riess and his wife gave birth to Peter Gottlieb Riess, who as physicist and mathematician Peter Theophil Riess became the first Jewish member of the Berlin Academy

1805: Birthdate of Francis William Newman, the brother of Cardinal Newman whose works included A History of the Hebrew Monarchy published in 1847.

1806: King of Frederick of Wurttemberg issued a decree that said “"in view of the various services that the Kaulla family has rendered to the country in critical periods", he was conferring upon court banker Jacob Kaulla and a number of his immediate relatives and their descendants of both sexes all rights of citizenship in Württemberg.

1807: In Randegg, Germany, Rachel and Aron Schott gave birth to Leopold Schott, the husband of Sara Randegger with whom he had three children – Anna, Stella and Moses.

1809: Phineas Davis married Jane Isaacs at the Great Synagogue.

1819: Joseph Johlson “presented second edition of his book of religion instruction in the Mosaic religion to the German National Assembly.

1821: Alexander Jones married Jane Jones at the Hambro Synagogue.

1827: Seventy-four year old Johann G. Eichhorn, the German Old Testament scholar who was a pioneer in "higher criticism," which evaluated Scripture through literary analysis and historical evidence, rather than by the unquestioned authority of systematized religious tradition as can be seen in his seminal work Introduction to the Old Testament passed away today.

1828(15^th of Tammuz, 5588): Fifty-year old Abraham Montel, the husband of Naumy Vidal Naquet and one of the Rabbis who attended Napoleon’s Grand Sanhedrin, passed away today.

1829(26^th of Sivan, 5589): Parashat Sh’lach

1829(26^th of Sivan 5589): Eleven month old Harmon Hendricks Levy, the son of Hayman and Alemeria Levy passed away today in Columbia, SC.

1832: Morris Van Praagh married Sarah Boam at the Hambro Synagogue.

1839: In Great St. Helens, Deborah and Israel Lindenthal gave birth to Hannah Lindenthal.

1846(3^rd of Tammuz, 5606): Parashat Korach

1846(3^rd of Tammuz, 5606): Five week old Pauline Einhorn the daughter of Karoline and Sigmund Max Einhorn passed away today.

1846: In Magdeurg, Rabbi Ludwig Philippson and his wife gave birth to historian Martin Philippson

1850(17^th of Tammuz, 5610): Tzom Tammuz

1854: “The British Ministry” published today reviewed the changing fortunes of various English political leaders. The author expressed the belief that Lord John Russell would not enjoy the continued support of London’s Jews if here running for election today. The authors stated that “it was solely due to his bad management” and lack of tact “that Jews were not declared eligible to sit in Parliament.” If Lord Russell had allowed Mr. Rothschild to follow the same oath pattern when he was elected in 1847 as the Quaker Mr. Pease had used in 1833, Jews would now be sitting in the House of Commons.  Lord Russell’s insistence on solving the problem with an Act of Parliament was counter-productive since such a solution was bound to fail.

1854(1^st of Tammuz, 5614): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz

1854(1^st of Tammuz, 5614): Eighty-seven year old “German philanthropist and communal worker” Amalie Beer, “wife of the banker Jacob Herz Beer, daugher of Liebmann Meyer Wolf (known as "the Berlin Crœsus"), and great-granddaughter of Lipmann Wolf Taussig” passed away today. (Some sources show her death date as June 22 or June 24)

1854: Today, “plans for a synagogue” which would be the new home for Congregation Sherith Israel in San Francisco”  were approved and contract in the amount of $10,258 was let to move the project forward.

1855: Ninety year old Anton von Schmid, a Christian who published Hebrew books passed away today in Vienna. Toward the end of the 18th century extensive Hebrew printing in Vienna began with the court printer Joseph Edler von Kurzbeck, who used the font of Joseph *Proops in Amsterdam. He employed Anton (later: von) Schmid (1775-1855), who chose printing instead of the priesthood. Their first production was the Mishnah (1793). In 1800 the government placed an embargo on Hebrew books printed abroad and thus gave him a near monopoly. His correctors were Joseph della Torre and the poet Samuel Romanelli (to 1799), who with Schmid printed his Alot ha-Minah for Charlotte Arnstein's fashionable marriage (1793).  Among the works they printed were a Bible with Mendelssohn's Biur (1794-95) and David Franco-Mendes' Gemul Atalyah (1800). Schmid also issued the 24th Talmud edition (1806-11) and the Turim (1810-13) with J.L. Ben-Zeev's notes on Hoshen Mishpat.

1857: Asteroid 45 Eugenia was discovered by Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt.

1860: “The tenth subordinate lodge” of the Independent Order of Free Sons of Israel “known as Naphtali Lodge No. 10” was formed today.

1860: The New York Times published the following:

To the Editor of the New-York Times:

Several New-York Archaeologists have, within the past week, received various communications concerning the discovery of a very curious stone relic, covered with Hebrew inscriptions, said to have been found by Mr. WYRICK, of Newark, Ohio, in one of those artificial earthworks so numerous in that vicinity. Some of these letters, which we had the pleasure to see, are accompanied by full-sized drawings of the stone and inscriptions, together with many-columns of newspaper notices, showing the deep interest the discovery has created amongst Western antiquaries. One of these letters, we are informed, was read at the last meeting of the American Ethnological Society; but, with their usual caution, the members did not venture an opinion, preferring, we presume, to defer an expression of it until after a more critical and scientific examination of the relic itself, and all the circumstances connected with its discovery shall have been entered into. For the purpose of giving your readers some account of the discovery, we have condensed the various notices into a reasonable length. First, as to Mr. WYRICK, the finder of the stone. He seems to be an old and respected citizen of Licking County, by profession a surveyor, and of late years has become enamored of archaeological pursuits. He has recently been engaged in surveying, platting and constructing a topographical map of the ancient earthworks so extensive in Cherry Valley. During this process he has been prospecting in a quiet way by excavating the mounds and embankments for the purpose of finding some implement or relic which might repay him for the trouble. So on Friday morning, the 29th of June, he started out with his digging implements, accompanied only by his son, a lad eight or nine years of age. He concluded to try his luck in a new place, influenced, he states, by a suggestion from Mr. SQUIER, that it might be well to examine the "dug holes," conceiving they might be caches or hiding places -- cemeteries or bone-pits, as they are called in New-York. "Having found one in the woods more articulated than the others," he commenced a trench in the greatest depression of the circle, and did not proceed down more than two feet (through black loam) before he found a stone bale, then this wonderful emblematic stone embedded in a bale of composition clay, adobe, or sunburnt brick. On cleaning off the stone he discovered the inscriptions, but was totally ignorant of their nature. Almost frantic with delight, he hastened to his friends, who informed him that they were Hebrew characters.

DESCRIPTION OF THE STONE.

The material is novaculite, or hone-stone, not found in places within the limits of Ohio, yet may be seen in any carpenter's shop. Now, mark the description. It is very hard, with perfectly smooth surfaces, and has apparently been polished; 5 3/4 inches long, with two flat sides, each 2 1/2 inches wide at the top, tapering down to 1 1/4 inches at the end. The edges are square, and nearly the same width. On each of the four sides is an inscription in Hebrew, each complete in itself. The letters are about one inch in length, and cut as clear as a die -- a fair specimen of letter-carving in stone.

THE INSCRIPTION is as follows, which may easily be rendered by any Hebrew scholar:

1. Kedosh Kedoskim -- The Holy of Holies.

2. Torath, J[???]hovah -- The Law of God.

3. Melec Erets -- The King of the Earth.

4. Devar Jehovah -- The Word of the Lord.

So much for the history of this stone and the character of the inscription. Of course suck a discovery must give rise to numerous and various speculations. Some have suggested that it might be a Masonic emblem -- the keystone which Master Masons anciently deposited in the corner-stone of their temples. (But, unfortunately for this hypothesis, the shape is not the same.) Others have supposed it furnished evidence of the presence of the lost tribes of Israel. Copies of the inscription have been submitted to some of our learned Rabbis, who generally agree that the above is a fair rendering of the text. But a difference of opinion has been expressed with regard to the antiquity of the characters, some carrying them back to the rime of Ezra, whilst others think them more modern. But this discussion is neither here nor there. The first and most important question to be solved by the cautious archaeologist is, whether or not this is a genuine relic of antiquity? Taking a general view of the subject, we might say, at the recent discovery of America by the Europeans, they found millions of inhabitants, but no well authenticated instance of an alphabet, or a single page of written history, other than symbolic pictures. We hold that no people, whether savage or civilized, ever occupied the earth's surface without leaving in the soil some trace of their existence and arts. If the Lost Tribes came to this Continent, it was after they possessed a written language and knowledge of certain arts, evidences of which might naturally be recorded upon imperishable materials, as stone, pottery and coins. And these evidences should be of frequent occurence to prove anything -- as no single isolated case, no matter how well authenticated, should-establish a theory. But no one will admit that enough has as yet been discovered to justify this hypothesis. We will next allude to the internal evidence of its antiquity, as derived from the published accounts. The stone is said to be novoculite, or hone stone, with a high polish, with the characters as sharply cut as if recently done by a lapidary. Now, everyone who claims any knowledge on the subject must be aware that few varieties of stone can remain long in the soil without losing a polished surface, and showing evidence of decomposition. And, even those substances, as quartz and obsidian, not liable to such change, are invariably (in the oldest mounds) found incrusted with lime. Indeed, from all that we can gather, both from private and published sources, we must classify it thus: Genus-bug-species-hum -- recalling the celebrated Pickwickian stone -- belonging to the same category as the gold plates of the Mormon Bible -- the graphic mica -- the brass plates with Chinese characters, found in Illinois, perhaps akin to the Louisiana Hebrew inscription, the last so skillfully conceived as to deceive our most astute archeologist, (Mr. SQUIER,) who favored one of our Societies with a very learned paper on this 1st of April hoax! The West, especially Ohio, seems fertile in false as well as genuine antiquities, so that we would fain hope the Newark stone may not prove "Lapis offensionis, et petia scandali, to the local antiquaries. D.

1861: In New York City, Mathilde Stein and Benjamin Drachman two immigrants from Galicia and Bavaria gave birth to Columbia graduate Dr. Bernard Drachman, the Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau trained rabbi who led the East Park Synagogue for fifty-five years starting in 1890 and who raised seven children – Edgar, Julian, Albert, Myron, Theodore, Beatrice and Mathilde – with his wife Hadassah.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/23883302

1861: In Cincinnati, OH, Aaron and Hannah Rice Stix gave birth to Charles A Stix, the husband of Sadie Fraley Stix.

1862(29^th of Sivan, 5622): E.J. Sampson who served with the 4^th Texas of the Confederate Army was killed today and subsequently buried in Richmond, VA.

1863: Samuel Gluckstein, the native of Rheinberg, Germany who came to London in 1841 and was employed as a tobacconist in 1861 “was employed as a cigar manufacturer” today.

1865: Philadelphian Samuel A. Apple, a First Sergeant in Company B of the Fifty-First Regiment completed his three year term of service in the Union Army.

1865: In West Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Louis Monash and his wife Bertha, née Manasse, two German Jewish refugees gave birth to Sir John Monash, a civil engineer who would become his nation’s leading general during WW I, serving with distinction and intellectual brilliance on the Western Front.

http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/monash-sir-john-7618

https://johnmonash.com/john-monash

1867: In New Orleans, Rabbi Max Del Banco and his wife gave birth Chicago school teacher Miriam Del Banco the graduate of State Normal School in Cape Giradeau, MO and “assistant principal at the Von Humboldt School who was a noted poet as can be seen by “Moses Mendelson” a poem she wrote that was published on “one hundredth anniversary of his death.”

https://www.bartleby.com/98/592.html

1869: In Kovno, Taube Bienowitch and her second husband Abraham Goldman gave birth to Emma Goldman who gained fame as an anarchist and feminist whose views on revolution and violence changed after she witnessed the aftermath of the Russian Revolution.  She became disillusioned with Bolshevism and became a pacifist as a result of the horrors she saw firsthand. 

https://jwa.org/womenofvalor/goldman

1870: “La Périchole an opéra bouffe in three acts by Jacques Offenbach” premiered in London today.

1871: In Baltimore, MD, M.B Greensfelder and Carrie Levi gave birth to Bernard Greensfelder the St. Louis, MO, attorney who served as secretary and director of the United Jewish Charities, director of the Hebrew Free School and director of Shaare Emeth Temple.

1872: Fanny Ottenheim and Elias Marx gave birth to Caroline Marx, the mother of Milton, Semore and Rita Mayer.

1875: “Secret Societies” published today offered a novel explanation for the conversation of the Roman Emperor Constantine to Christianity. According to the article an unnamed “Jewish Rabbi” and Pope Sylvester were contending with another in the presence of the Emperor.  “The Rabbi whispered “Shemhamphorasch or the Tetragrammaton “into the ear of an ox, which instantly fell dead.” Sylvester   responded by saying, “’Arise, ox, in the name of the trinity!’”  “This showed the Emperor the superiority of the Christian religion, and he accepted it at once.” [Editor’s note - “The Shemhamphorasch is a corruption of the Hebrew term Shem ha-Mephorash (שם המפורש), which was used in tannaitic times to refer to the Tetragrammaton. In early Kabbalah the term was used to designate sometimes a seventy-two Letter name for God, and sometimes a forty two Letter name. Rashi said Shem ha-Mephorash was used for a forty two letter name, but Maimonides thought Shem ha-Mephorash was used only for the four letter Tetragrammaton.” This is four Hebrew letters (Yod, He, Waw and He) called The "Tetragrammaton" is the unpronounceable name of God made up of four Hebrew letters – Yud, Hay, Vav, Hay. There was a Pope Sylvester but his relationship with Constantine was apparently more invention than fact; the invention having been used to promote the concept of Papal authority over temporal rulers.]

1876: Moses Tannenholz obtained an affidavit from Rachel Blumenthal stating that she was 18 years old.  This affidavit, which was of questionable validity, would figure prominently in a divorce case in which, among other things, it was contended that the bride below the age of consent at the time of the marriage rendering the nuptials null and void.

1876: In New York City “Isidor and Ida (Blun) Straus gave birth to the Harvard educated R.H. Macy and Co vice president Percy Selden, the husband of Edith Abraham who was active in several civic and philanthropic organizations as can be seen by his service as President of the Jewish Agricultural Society and Chairman of the Business Men’s Council of the Federation of Jewish Philanthropic Societies of New York City.

1876: In New York Michael M. and Miriam Peixotto Davis, gave birth to builder G. Richard Davis the descendant of a family that has lived in New York since the 18th century whose edifices included the Montana (site of John Lennon’s murder) and the General Motors Building and the husband of the former Irma L. Bernstein whom he married after “first wife, the former Benveneda Bricker” had passed away.

1877: Following the refusal of Judge Hilton to allow Jews to be guests at the Grand Union Hotel in Saratoga, NY, Harry Ward Beecher delivered “a long eulogy on the Hebrew race” today.

1878:  In Whitechapel, London, John and Rebecca Lipkind gave birth to Goodman Lipkind the London rabbi who came to the United States where led several congregations including Gates of Heaven in Schenectady, NY

1879: In London, Sir Julian Goldsmid, the 3^rd and last Baronet, the London born son of Caroline and “Frederick David Goldsmid, MP” and his wife Virginia gave birth to Nora Octavia Goldsmid.

1880(18^th of Tammuz, 5640): Tzom Tammuz observed

1880(18^th of Tammuz, 5640): Sixty-three year old Berlin native Karl Wilhelm Borchardt, the Konigsberg educated mathematician who studied in Paris before becoming “privat-docent at the University of Berlin” passed away today.

1880: It was reported today that the throngs attending the fair in Hungary’s capital city included “Jews…by the hundreds, German Jews, Hungarian Jews” dressed as Magyars, “Polish Jews in black toga and long corkscrew curls, Transylvanian Jews in greasy brown cloth dressing gown and sandaled feet, looking like dissipated Capuchin friars.” [This serves as a reminder of the rich variety of Jewish cultures that flourished in pre-Holocaust Europe.]

1880: It was reported today that the parties attending the conference on Morocco in Madrid have reached an impasse.  The Moroccans are expected to tell the European powers that they cannot protect the Jews from “popular fanaticism” unless the Europeans agree to “strengthen the authority of the Sultan” – or in plain English give up some of their colonial power.  This is something that the French and Spanish will never agree to.  The issue of protecting the Jews is a smokescreen behind which the Europeans can hide their imperial designs and the Ottomans can hide their attempts to protect their crumbling empire.

1881: In Spain, Praxedes M Sagasta the President of the Council of Ministers wrote to a prominent European Jewish author H. Guedalla that “article 1 of the Constitution of Spain is the most decisive revocation of the edict of banishment against the Jews in the year 1492.  Thus all of your coreligionists who wish can come to Spain without any obstacle whatever…”

1881: Birthdate of St. Louis native and Harvard University graduate, Garfield Joseph Taussig, financier and businessman who served as “vice president of Sterling Aluminum Products” and President of the Lafayetter Federal Savings and Loan Association who died in 1968.

1882: “Bad for Russian Refugees” published today described the financial crisis facing the Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society in trying to care for the tidal wave of Jewish immigrants fleeing eastern Europe. The American Jewish community, much of which had only been in the United States for only one or two generations, was small when compared to the millions in Russia, Romania, etc. and had only limited financial resources to deal with the crisis.

1882(10^th of Tammuz, 5642): Sixty-eight year old “Dutch jurist and minister of justice Michael H. Godefroi who “delivered exhaustive speeches insisting that the commercial treaty with Rumania should not be ratified until guaranties should have been given that Netherland Jews in that country should enjoy perfect equality before the law” passed away today.

1882: Referee Jerome Buck is scheduled to hear more testimony in the hearing to determine the sanity of Samuel Obreight a young Jew who had been institutionalized by his family after his recent marriage to a young Christian woman.

1882: Mr. Cohn chaired tonight’s meeting of the Cap-finishers’ Union which was held on Eldridge Street. The major concern was the declining wages of the workers.  Wages have fallen percipitiously since last November when members were earning fifteen to twenty dollars a week.  Now they can are earning between seven and eight dollars a week because the manufacturers have found sources of cheap labor including Russian Jewish immigrants who will work for $2.50 to 3.00 per week.

1883: The first cruise of the season for poor Jewish children and their mothers today sponsored by the Sanitarium for Hebrew Children is scheduled to leave at nine o’clock this morning.

1883: Today twenty-six year old year Jacob Brenner who had passed the bar exam in 1879 and eventually became a Brooklyn magistrate married Louise Blumenau, “the daughter of prominent Brooklyn real estate developer Levi Blumenau” with whom head six children -- Arthur and Mortimer both of whom became lawyers and “Republican party leaders,” Rose who was President of the National council of Jewish Women, Rica, Selma and Caroline.”

1883: “The Alleged Jewish Murder” published today reported that “all the Christian lawyers at Nyreghhaza, Hungary, where the trial of the Jews charged with a murdering a Christian girl” is taking place “have adopted a resolution attacking the conduct of the Public Prosecutor.  At the same time, the Hungarian government claims that it could not prevent the trial from taking place but that it does “not believe the accusation to be true.”  [The allegation is that the Jews murdered a Christian girl in their synagogue – a case based on the coerced confession of a Jew named Moritz Scharf.]

1884(4^th of Tammuz, 5644): Ignatz Kunreuther passed away.  Born in Germany in 1811, he came to Chicago from New York in 1847 and became the first rabbi to serve KAM.  He also served as the Chazan and Shochet for six years before “retiring to private life.

1885: In Lithuania, Eva Gross Landy and Rabbi Jacob Landy gave birth to Rachel (Rae) Landy the Cleveland, Ohio trained nurse who “initiated the first public health and sanitation systems in Palestine and whose 37 career in the U.S. Army included serving as “chief of nurses of the Second Command at Governor’s Island, NY.  (“Landy's father established Hebrew Books, the first Jewish bookstore in Cleveland, and her mother was instrumental in the founding of Menorah Park Center for the Aging.”).

1885: As the conflict between Orthodox and Reform rabbis continued Rabbi Alexander Kohut took issue with remarks made by Rabbi Kaufmann Kohler of Temple Beth-El today by declaring that “We cannot all be authorities.  No one is privileged to say for himself ‘I am the authority, and I alone.’ Or ancient believers had some very great prominent men, and should we not in this nineteenth century follow the doctrines which are laid down for us in the Talmud?” [The answer to this question is still one that some Jews are asking in the 21^st century.]

1888: Birthdate of Ludwik Niemirowski, the Polish born Jew who gained famed “British Zionist historian Sir Lewis Bernstein Namier.”

1888: “A Hebrew Fresh-Air Fund” published today provided a summary of the annual report for Sanitarium for Hebrew Children issued by its President, Nathan Strauss.  Last year the society provided 8 free excursions that served 4,732 infants, 3,631 children and 2,789 mothers. 

1888: In Birmingham, England, Reverend Wilson Trusted and his wife gave birth to Sir Harry Herbert Trust who served as Attorney General for the British Mandate for Palestine from 1932 to 1936 following which he replaced Michael McDonnell as Chief Justice.

1888: It was reported today that that Jacob H. Schiff has offered to contribute $10,000 to help the Sanitarium for Hebrew Children build a new facility to meet the needs of underprivileged Jewish children and their mothers.

1888: Birthdate of Ludwik Niemirowski, who gained fame as the English historian, Sir Lewis Bernstein Namier.

1891: “Jews Barred From Palestine” published today reported that “there is little hope that the Sultan will consent to the Jews settling in Palestine.”

1891: In Hungary, Bernard and Teresa (Schlesinger) Weiss gave birth to Cornell educated engineer Chrles Weiss, the Captain of Engineers in the AEF during WW I, “assistant supervisor on the Pennsylvania Railroad” and winner of the Carnegie Hero Fund Medal” who was he husband of Sari Kohn

1892: In Poland, Sarah and Srul Elie Cohn gave birth to Ida Gevirtz, the wife Abraham Gevirtz  with whom she had three children – Harriet, Ruth and Allen

1893: During the Panic of 1893, the crash of the New York Stock Exchange.  The Panic of 1893-94 was the worst economic depression to hit the United States until the Great Depression that began in 1929.  During the panic, Nathan Strauss a prominent New York Jewish merchant and philanthropist “started a chain of grocery stores that distributed groceries and coal to the needy.” In Greeley, Colorado, Adolph Z. Salomon, one of  Colorado’s three famous Salomon brothers, found himself forced into the “farm and ranch business” due to the fact that so many defaulted on their loans.  These defaults resulted in major financial setback for Salomon.

1893: A convention of New York Republicans adopted a resolution condemning the decision of the New York Union League Club to blackball Mr. Seligman because he was Jewish.

1893:  Rector Hermann Ahlwardt, the Jew baiting member of the Reichstag has been sentenced to three months imprisonment for libeling Prussian officials again.

1893: In Yonkers, NY, founding of the Yonkers Hebrew Benevolent Association whose members included David Klein, Joseph Berger, Jacob Fuchs and Louis Mittler

1893: Birthdate of Mendel Dyner, who was deported from to Ujazdow and then to Majdanek where he was murdered in September of 1947.

1894: Wilhelm Diamant, the son of Herman and Johanna Diamant, was buried today in Vienna.

1894 This morning wearing “a long skirt, corset and high collar and carried with her a change of clothes and a pearl-handled pistol”  Annie Londonerry (Annie Cohen Kopchovsky) set off from the Massachusetts State House on the first leg of her round her attempt to be the first woman to ride a bicycle around the world. 

1896: Twenty-year old George H. Webb persuaded Dora Henry, a 16 year old Jewess to leave her father’s house and then went the home of Reverend C.A. Daniel where the Lutheran minister married them. The two then separated and went back to their respective homes.

1896: “Lottery-Crazed Ghetto” published today described the congested district east of the Bowery as being the Ghetto because the preponderance of the population was Jewish.  “The Russian and Polish Jews who” live “in such large numbers in the district extending from Division to Houston Streets are the most eager purchasers of lottery tickets” which can make them the victims of the swarm of agents selling these pieces of pasteboard.

1897: The Hebrew Free School Association sponsored the entertainment for 1,000 needy New York children which was held at the auditorium of the Educational Alliance at East Broadway and Jefferson Street.

1897: “Dr. Benjamin F. De Costa preached on the ‘Diamond Julibee’ at the Church of St. John the Evangelist” tonight “taking as his text Exodus XII:26 ‘What mean ye by this service?’”

1897: In Chicago, Bernard Schwager, a successful cigar market, kissed his ten day old grandson for the first time today.  The child’s mother, who will convert tomorrow, was a Christian when she married Schwager’s son over a year ago.

1897(27^th of Sivan, 5657): Seventy-eight year old Sir John Simon.  Born at Jamaica in 1818, his father Isaac Simon sent him study in England in 1833.  He wanted to become a rabbi but ended up becoming a lawyer.  He returned to Jamaica after his marriage but went back to London “for his wife’s health.” He began serving as Liberal MP in 1868.  His career lasted for twenty years and was marked by his efforts on behalf of the Jews of Russia.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_John_Simon_Vanity_Fair_25_September_1886.jpg

1897: The Young Folks’ League of the Hebrew Infant Asylum will leave for an excursion today from the pier at the foot of West 129^th aboard the SS Bay Queen.

1899: Albert Aschaffenburg, “a prominent New Orleans Capitalist and Real Estate Developer who had planned to build the Pontchartrain Hotel next door to the Orpheum Theater, and Elivine Schaefer Aschaffenburg gave birth Eugene Albert Aschaffenburg, the husband of Janet Jacobs Aschaffenburg.

1899: Rabbi Drachman delivered the opening prayer at the commencement exercises of the Jewish Theological Seminary which were held in Tuxedo Hall tonight.  Joseph Blumenthal, President of the Board of Trustees, delivered the introductory address.

1899: Ukrainian native Samuel Dreben, known as the “fighting Jew” enlisted in the 14^th Infantry Regiment after which he was shipped to the Philippines.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/sam-dreben

1899(19th of Tammuz, 5659): David Kraukauer, the benefactor of many Jewish charities including the Montefiore Home and Mount Sinai Hospital, passed away today.

1900(30^th of Sivan, 5660): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz

1900: In Charleston, SC, Rabbi Lesser officiated at the marriage of Harry Deitchman and Rosa Fechter.

1901: The funeral for the Honorable Samuel Edward Shrimski, the former Mayor of Omarau currently serving as member of the New Zealand Parliament who was survived by his wife Deborah, is scheduled to take place at 2 p.m.in the Waikumete Cemetery.

1902(22^nd of Sivan, 5662): On the Jewish calendar yahrzeit of Rabbi Jehiel Michel of who was murdered by the Chmielnicki Cossacks.

1902: Seven years before Jewish immigrants began arriving as part of the Galveston Plan, the Texas coastal city endured a record rainfall “as a result of Hurricane Two.”

1903: In Brownsville, NY, at a meeting of the Daughters of Zion,“Mr. Jacob Massel of Glassgow” spoke “of the importance of ladies taking an active interest in Zionistic work” after which attendees heard a concert that included “the rendering of Jewish national songs.”

1903: In the wake of the exoneration of Colonel Dreyfus, the French government ordered the closure of 120 religious (Catholic) schools as a sign of a loss of clout of those on the political right.

1904(14^th of Tammuz, 5664): On the Jewish calendar Yahrzeit of the 250 Jews murdered in Rauthenburg, Germany.

1904: Today, twenty-nine-year-old author and social activist married Russian Jewish Miriam Finn after meeting her while they were both working at the University Settlement House.

https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/scott-miriam-finn

1905: During the 1905 Revolution which presaged the final fall of the Czar in 1917, the crew of the Russian Battleship Potemkin mutinied which appeared to be the first act in a planned mutiny of the Black Sea Fleet.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtfsxK3zMeU

1906: On the Lower East Side, 50,000 immigrant Jewish mothers stormed the local public schools in response to a rumor that doctors were slitting the throats of their children in public schools.

http://jwa.org/thisweek/jun/27/1906/jewish-mothers-storm-public-schools

1907: Birthdate of British jurist Sir Alan Abraham Mocatta.

1907(15^th of Tammuz, 5667): Forty year old Yiddish poet Abraham Michael Scharkansky passed away today in New York.

https://www.librarything.com/author/scharkanskyabrahammi

1908: Portrait of Louis Barnett Abrahams, “the head master of the Jews’ Free School in London painted by British artist Solomon J. Solomon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Louis_Barnett_Abrahams.jpg

1908: In Cordisburgo, Brazil, Florduardo Pinto Rosa (nicknamed "seu Fulô") and Francisca Guimarães Rosa ("Chiquitinha") gave birth to João Guimarães Rosa who wrote a short story “La triosieme rive” which provided the title for the autobiography of Polish born French economist Ignacy Sachs and his wife Viola.

1908: Gertrude Hoffman scheduled to begin a series of performances today at Hammerstein’s Roof Garden that “will include an number of new imitations.”

1909: The performance being given in memory of Jewish playwright Jacob Gordin at the Manhattan Opera House was cut short and did not continue past midnight because it would have violated New York’s Sunday-closing Laws.

1910: Today, as the drumbeat of anti-Semitism continued, 95 more Jews were expelled from Kiev, 52 were expelled from Solomenka and 51 were expelled from Demieffka.

1911(1^st of Tammuz, 5671): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz

1911: Twenty-five-year-old Elias B. Desatnek, the Tulchin born son of Hersh Leib and Chava (Cohen) Desatnek, who in 1899 came to the United States where he worked in the fields of real estate and insurance while helping to found the Daughters of Zion Hebrew Day and Night Nursery and serving as a director of the Hebrew Free Loan Society married Harriet Kutner today in New York City.

1911: Louis-Lucien Klotz began serving as French Minister of Finance in Briand’s third government

1912: The Jewish Territorial Organization holds its annual meeting over four days in Vienna. It passes a resolution thanking the Portuguese Chamber of Deputies for the offer of land in Angola for Jewish colonists but regrets the impossibility of recommending individual colonists to undertake a task, which could be successfully carried out only by an organization.

1912: University of Cincinnati graduate and HUC trained rabbi Henry Englander, the Hungarian born son of Max and Regina Englander who joined the faculty of HUC in 1910 as a Professor of Medieval Exegetical Literature  married Esther Straus today.

1912: The funeral for Julia Richmond the New Yorker who was an educator and defender of the underdog including those suffering from consumption and Russian Jewish immigrants is schedule to be held today.

1913: Birthdate of “warehouse worker” Simon Levinson, who was arrested by the Nazis at Oslo in 1942

1913: Birthdate of Wilkes-Barre, PA native Isadore “Izzy” Wienstock the All-American fullback with the University of Pittsburgh Panthers who then went on to play to play for three years in the NFL from 1935 to 1938.

https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/W/WeinIz20.htm

1914(3^rd of Tammuz, 5674): Parashat Korach

1914: Dr Max Raisin of Brooklyn delivered the following address at Berith Dodesh Temple, a Reform Jewish Congregation in which he declared that while some Reform Jews do not proclaim their Zionism, at heart they hope for restoration as a people.

"Reform is what made Zionism what it is. Zionism has found amongst reformers some of its staunchest upholders. Reform is only a phase of religion, and religion makes for race consciousness. The integrity of the Jews as a race depends upon the existence and survival of Judaism as a religion. When a Gentile becomes a Jew by religion, he becomes ipso facto a Jew by race; but when a Jew joins a Gentile religion he remains a Jew by race. "When reform Jews in Washington some time ago told Congressmen some time ago that the Jews were only a religious body, and not a race, opposition to the statement arose from the very ranks of reform itself. Is the belief of the reformer dogmatically different to that of the orthodox? Does it deny the hope of the Jews for national restoration? There is a higher court than the rabbinical conference. Reform Judaism goes to the prophets, and there is nothing their opposed to national restoration. "You will say that all reference to Zion has been stricken from your Prayer Book. That is quite true, but that is a mere negative attitude for you to take. It is not true that reform as a whole is opposed to Zionism. The Prayer book is one thing, and Reform as a whole another thing. National restoration is a universal movement. Reform looks upon nationalism, even if potentially, as a means to realize all the hopes of Judaism. I content that Reform does stand upon national ground. Zionism has again and again made itself felt in the camp of reform. If nationalism is not included in your prayer book, it is not opposed or denied."

1914: In Rochester, NY, Dr Mordechai M. Kaplan of New York delivered a sermon at Beth Israel Synagogue in Leopold Street this morning.

1914: Fifty delegates to the convention of Zionists from Chicago and twenty-five more from Cleveland reached Rochester tonight. They were among delegates invited to attend an evening reception at the Jewish young Men's Association in Franklin Square.

1915: Birthdate of philanthropist, Bernard Roth, “an entrepreneur who built a major company from a single gas station in Los Angeles by promoting self-service gas pumps”

1915(15^th of Tammuz, 5675): Eighty-three year old pioneer shoe manufacturer Isaac Blyn passed away in New York City.

1915: This afternoon, during his tour of the battlefields in France, Joseph Hertz, the Chief Rabbi of the British Empire led services for Jewish officers and men at general headquarters and delivered a sermon in which he compared this visit to his work fifteen years ago with British troops during the Boer War.

1915: While delivering his sermon tonight from a platform of the Grace Methodist Episcopal Church Dr. Christian F. Reisner “referred to form Governor Slaton of Georgia who commuted the sentence of Leo Frank to life imprisonment” saying “Governor Slaton has proved himself one of the bravest men in America.

1915: “The convention of the Federation of Rumanian Jews held in the Manhattan Lyceum today adopted resolutions condemning as undemocratic the plan of the American Jewish Committee for a conference of 150 delegates in Washington in November to consider Jewish affairs in connection with the war and its outcome” – favoring instead “a Congress of many members...”

1915: Congressman Isaac Siegel of the 20^th District spoke this afternoon at the dedication by the “Jewish charity workers of the Upper East Side and west side and in Harlem” of “a home to be known as the Hebrew Sheltering Society of Harlem.

1915: “Reports continue today of an oath-bound organization which formed at a meeting at Mary Phagan’s grave in Marietta have spread throughout Georgia whose purpose is to ‘get’ Slaton (the governor who pardoned Leo Frank) and “Frank, no matter how long it takes.”

1915: In Boston, Jacob de Haas will preside over the opening session of the convention of the Zionists attended by representatives of the Zionist Provisional Committee, the Federation of American Zionists, Hadassah, Order sons of Zion, the New England Zionists, the Intercollegiate Zionist Conference, Misrachi, Young Judaea and Hachoosa.

1916: Among those who have reportedly already signed an application blank to serve in the First New York Volunteers a unit of the New York National Guard being formed by Jews was Nathan Schwartz who had served with the Marines and was wounded while serving in Vera Cruz, Mexico.

1916: Today Pratt Institute and Julien Academy trained painter Max Pratt, the Bialystok born son of “Morris and Julia Weber married Frances Abrams.

1916: Twenty-seven-year-old Columbia trained physician and biochemist Samuel Gitlow, the son of Louis and Katherine Gitlow who among other things taught biochemistry at his alma mater, “worked on alum baking powders in bread” and was the director of the laboratory at the Bronx Hospital starting in 1926, married Judith Leonora Rosenblum today.

1917(7^th of Tammuz, 5677): Lt. Edmond Enos died today during WW I joining others who had had this month including Captain Fernand Halphen, Second Lt. Georges Levi, Second Lt. Paul Molina at Verdun, and Chief Adjutant Leonce Rosenbaum

1917: It was reported from The Hague that in an interview Djemal Pasha “in the post-bellum period” “he would do his utmost” to opposed Jewish colonization which he saw “as an indispensable step toward rooting out Entente influence.”

1917: In Baltimore, the delegates to the 20^th Annual Convention of the Federation of American Zionists were scheduled to attend a general business session.

1918(17^th of Tammuz, 5678): Tzom Tammuz

1918:Eighty-one-year-old William Hackenburg, the Philadelphia, PA, born son of Judah Lazarus Hackenburg and Maria Allen and the husband of Adeline Schoneman, who was a “manufacturer of sewing and machine silks” and Chairman of the Silk Association of America whose many leadership roles in the Jewish community including co-founding the United Hebrew Charities in 1869, the Hebrew Charity Ball Association in 1859 and the committee “to aid Russian refugees” as well as serving as President of the Jewish Hospital and Home for Aged and Infirm Israelites, Treasurer of Congregation Beth El Emeth and Vice President of the Board of Delegates of the American Israelites passed away today.

1918: In Pittsburgh, the 21^st Annual Convention of the Federation of American Zionists came to an end.

1918: In Pittsburgh, the fifth annual convention of Hadassah came to an end.

1918: The volunteers of the Jewish Battalion in World War I were sent to the front. In August 1917, thanks in part to the efforts of Jabotinsky; the formation of a Jewish regiment was officially announced. Formation of such a unit had been opposed by members of the British military and other members of the British Establishment.  By 1917, the Empire was desperate for soldiers.  It was probably this sense of desperation more than anything else that led to the formation of the first Jewish combat unit since the Bar Kochba Revolt in 135. The unit was designated as the 38th Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers. It included British volunteers, members of the former Zion Mule Corps and a large number of Russian Jews. In April 1918, it was joined by the 39th Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers, more than 50 percent of whom were American volunteers. In June 1918, The 38th Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers was sent to Palestine, where the volunteers fought for the liberation of Eretz Yisrael from Turkish rule.

1919: In Switzerland, Walter Benjamin “passed his examination summa cum laude” today following which he and his wife Dora would return to Berlin.

1920 Louis Marshall is scheduled to be one of the speakers at this afternoon during the cornerstone laying ceremonies for the Bronx Jewish Center of the Talmud Torah Shaarey Zion 1920: Birthdate of Itek Dommnici, the native of Rumania who gained fame as I. A. L. Diamond, the Hollywood screenwriter and the longtime collaborator of the director Billy Wilder and won an Oscar for the “Apartment.”

1920: Mae Levy, the sister of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Levy married Henry M. Shapiro after which they took a trip through the Adarondacks.

1920(11^th of Tammuz, 5680): Sixty-nine year old Julius Newman who had served as Rabbi of the Moses Montefiore Congregation and had lived in Chicago for forty years, passed away in California.

1920: In Los Angeles, Elias Victor Rosenkranz and Mildred Rosenkranz, the daughter of Emil and Benvenida Solis Firth, gave birth to Dorothy June Rubel

1921: Mrs. Edith R. Sulzberger, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Julius Rosenwald, went to Crown Point, Indiana today and obtained a marriage license.

1922: It was reported today that “In an effort to bring about unity in Zionist circles, a resolution providing for the appointments of two committees, each composed of seven representatives from the Zionist organizations of America and the Palestine Development Council, was adopted by the Zionist organization” at its annual convention.

1922: Among the many questions that Italian Premiere Schanza is taking up with the British government during his meeting in London “is the status of Italians in Palestine” and the Vatican’s concern over the custody of “the holy places.”

1923: Birthdate of Evelyn “Eva” Ruth Gorelick (nee Brounstein) the Canadian born mother of “Kenny G.”

1923: After having “signed his first big league contract for $5,000 with the Brooklyn Robins (the Brooklyn Dodgers, he made his major league debut in the seventh inning of a game with the Philadelphia where he played shortstop without making any errors and “got a one hit in two at bats.”

1924: “The legal wheel by which the prosecution hoes to convict” Jewish college students “Nathan F. Leopold Jr and Richard A. Loeb, the self-confessed kidnappers and slayers of “ Jewish adolescent “Robert Franks to another turn today when the Coroner’s jury rendered a verdict finding that the lad met his death at the hands of the two students.”

1925(5^th of Tammuz, 5685): Parashat Korach

1925(5^th of Tammuz, 5685): Seventy-five-year-old Hungarian-born American rabbi Sigmund Hecht, the holder of a Doctorate of Divinity from the University of Alabama passed away today after having served as the rabbi of Congregation B’nai B’rith in Los Angeles from 1899 to 1919.

https://www.abebooks.com/book-search/author/rabbi-sigmund-hecht/

https://www.amazon.com/History-Sigmund-Hecht-Books/s?rh=n%3A9%2Cp_27%3ASigmund+Hecht

1926: Twenty-eight-year-old Cornell trained engineer, the Toledo, OH born son of Jacob and Lean Halperin who had been an engineer with Commonwealth Edison since 1921 married Edna Rosenberg today in Chicago.

1926: The twenty-ninth annual convention of the Zionist Organization of America opened here today with more than 1,000 delegates from all parts of the country, including 200 from New York. Louis Lipsky, Chairman of the ZOA, delivered a lengthy keynote address in which, among other things, he criticized England for failing to cooperate with the Zionists under the terms of the mandate.  “Emanuel Neuman, national director of the United Palestine Appeal reported that over five million dollars had been raised since last October” for projects in Palestine.

1926: The Theatrical and Sports Field Day sports by the Amusement of Division of the United Jewish Campaign which has the support of Sam Harris and Al Jolson is scheduled to take place at the Polo Grounds today in New York City.

1927: Time magazine reported that “Pilot Clarence Duncan Chamberlin and passenger Charles A. Levine were last week enjoying the hospitality of Germans, resting in the watering place known as Baden-Baden, inspecting huge multi-motored airships at the Dornier and Zeppelin plants. Some of their doings: Frau Thea Rasche, Germany's only licensed woman pilot, was taken for a ride over Berlin by Pilot Chamberlin. Skillful, she also took passenger Levine for a ride. Correspondents heralded the trips as strengthening to U.S. - German relations. Flyers Chamberlin and Levine hustled to Bremen to meet their respective wives, who arrived from the U.S. Said Mrs. Chamberlin on seeing her husband: "Why, your knickers are awful. Didn't you even have them cleaned?" Then the two couples flew to Berlin in three hops. The two wives were reported to be feeling ill after the first hop. "The Columbia is not on the market," said Mr. Levine when Grover Cleveland Bergdoll, a rich American then living in Germany, offered to buy the monoplane. Mr. Bergdoll let it be known that he desires to fly to the U.S. to show that he is no coward, that conscientious objection was his only reason for refusing to fight in the World War.” [Levine was Jewish and laid claim to being the “first passenger” to cross the Atlantic.]

1928: The Democratic National Convention at which Herbert Lehman played a major role as finance chairman of the Democratic National Committee continued for a second day.

1929: Max Schmeling, the German heavyweight champion who defied the Nazis by having a Joe Jacobs as a manager and who saved two Jewish boys on Kristallnacht  “beat Paulino Uzcudun by 15-round decision in a boxing card before a crowd of 40,000 in Yankee Stadium.”

http://www.raoulwallenberg.net/saviors/others/schmeling/max-schmeling-aryan-champ/

http://www.auschwitz.dk/schmeling.htm

1930: While meeting in Providence, RI, today, the Central Conference of Rabbis discussed the report on making revision to the Union Hymn Book and voted to included “Hatikvah,” the Zionist song in the book.

1931: Labor economist Theresa Wolfson was the principal speaker at the opening of the Barnard College Summer School for Women Workers in Industry

1931: Birthdate of Philadelphia photographer David Martin “Dave” Heath.

http://www.daveheathphotography.com/

http://www.josephbellows.com/artists/dave-heath/bio/

1931: In Montreal, Samuel and Saidye Rosner Bronfman gave birth to businessman and philanthropist Charles Bronfman, the co-founder of the Taglit Birthright program.

1932: Today, in Washington, DC, “the American Jewish Congress, at its closing meeting approved the measures taken to convene a world Jewish conference at Geneva on Aug. 14, and elected thirty-five delegates to attend, all but three of whom are from New York City.”

1933 In Brooklyn, “Sidney and Helen Katz, née Holland, gave birth to Robert Katz, “an author and screenwriter who incurred the wrath of the Vatican by accusing Pope Pius XII of failing to act to stave off a Nazi massacre of Italians in 1944” and who was the husband of Beverly Gerstel with whom he had two sons – Lee and Jonathan

1933(3^rd of Tammuz, 5693):  J. Harry Ulrich who had been Chief Surgeon of National Guard unit and who reached the rank of Colonel while serving with the U.S. Medical Corps during WW I passed away today in Baltimore.

1933: The Archbishop of Canterbury is scheduled to be the “principal speaker” at a meeting at Queen’s Hall where attendees including “thirty members of the British Parliament” “will protest against the persecution of the Jews in Germany.

1933:  At a rally in London, speakers protest anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany.

1934: Filming of “Imitation of Life” directed John Stahl (Jacob Morris Strelitsky) began today.

1935: The Committee on Social Justice is scheduled to deliver its report today at the meeting pf Central Conference of American Rabbis” which had “voiced its views on war and peace” yesterday.

1936: At Cape May, NJ, Rabbi William F. Rosenblum of New York’s Temple Israel preached the annual sermon before the Central Conference of American Rabbis today in which he “called for a reorganization of reform Judaism as well as a restatement of its creed” saying that “The time has come to discard the policy of having each congregation autonomous and each rabbi his own authority” and proposing “the formation of a synod council made up of delegates from the Union of American Hebrew Congregations” that will “reintegrate liberal Judaism in the United States and help to increase the numbers of adherents of reform.”

1936: As Arab violence continued in Palestine, “after a week of deliberation the Arab High Committee today completed a long reply to Colonial Secretary William Ormsey-Gore’s speech in the House of Commons” which included the insistence “that nothing could restore permanent peace in Palestine except the stoppage of Jewish immigration and the prohibition of the sale of lands to the Jews.”

1936: The Democratic National Convention comes to a close after re-nominating Franklin D. Roosevelt for a second term. FDR enjoys overwhelming support among Jewish voters. Among the delegates is Samuel Untermyer who is attending his last national convention.

1936:  In Asbury Park, NJ, Zelig Tygel the executive director of the Federation of Polish Jews in America and Gershin Bader, the organization’s honorary vice president eulogized the late Dr. Nahem Sokolow at memorial services marking the opening of the 28^th annual convention of the federation.

1937(18th of Tammuz, 5697):Tzom Tammuz observed because the 17^th fell on Shabbat

1937: Today “a 30-minute radio adaption of Babouk,” a novel by Guy Endore (born Samuel Goldstein), co-produced and co-directed by Irving Reis “with incidental music by Bernard Hermann” “was broadcast today as part of the Columbia Workshop series on WCBS (AM).

1937(18^th of Tammuz, 5697): Rabbi Morris Lichtenstein is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “How to Face a Crisis” at the Jewish Science Society today.

1938: “The Jews of Palestine observed a day of semi-mourning today in sympathy for the Revisionist youth, Ben Yosef, who is under a death sentence for having fired on an Arab-owned bus.  There were special prayers and sermons in synagogues throughout the country.  Shops were closed in the evening and places of amusement were shut all day.”

1938: Birthdate of Alan Coren, “the son of a plumber and a hairdresser from Southgate, North London, England’ and humorist who appeared on BBC and was editor for the famous “Punch” humor magazine.

1938: Twenty-one year old publisher Roger Williams Straus, Jr. married “Dorothea Leibmann, granddaughter of the founder of Rheingold Brewing,

1939(10^th of Tammuz, 5669): Sixty-nine year old “Dr. Israel Davidson of 92 Morningside Avenue, New York, Professor of Medieval Hebrew Literature at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, Broadway and 122d Street, New York, and a world recognized authority in his field, died today in his country home after a brief illness

https://www.nytimes.com/1939/06/28/archives/israel-davidson-hebrew-authority-professor-23-years-at-jewish.html?searchResultPosition=3

1939(10^th of Tammuz, 5699): Seventy three year old University of Pennsylvania Law School graduate and faculty member David Werner Amram, a Zionist who was joined on the faculty by his son Philip Werner Amram whose “most famous book was The Makers of Hebrew Books which “details the earliest history of Hebrew book printing, including the first complete edition of the Talmud published by Daniel Bomberg in the early sixteenth century” passed away today

https://www.bjpa.org/content/upload/bjpa/davi/David%20Werner%20Amram.pdf

1939: NBC Radio took over the Camel Caravan, a musical variety program that featured regular appearances by comedian Lew Lehr.

1939: The Irgun placed a letter bomb in the mailbox attached to the outside wall of the Schneller Orphanage which was now a British military facility known as the Schneller Barracks, which, when it exploded “collapsed part of the wall and injured five Arabs in the vicinity.”

1940: During a meeting of the Cabinet, Churchill again called for the arming of the Jews of Palestine so that British troops could come back to defend the home islands.  Lord Lloyd spoke against the move; anti-Semitism trumped strategic thinking as Lord Lloyd prevailed.

1940: NBC broadcast the final episode of “I Love a Mystery” sponsored by Fleischmann’s Yeast and featuring Tony Randall (Aryeh Leonard Rosenberg)

1941(2^nd of Tammuz, 5701): Fifty-nine year old Walter Wile Hamburger, the Chicago born “son of Anette and Max Mayer Hamburger” and husband of Edna Hamburger who was the Rush Medical College trained physician and WW I veteran and member of the University of Chicago faculty passed away today.

1941(2^nd of Tammuz, 5701): On a day known as Red Friday: German units in Bialystok began to randomly shoot Jews. Eight hundred were locked in the Great Synagogue, which the Nazis then it set on fire. More were forced in during the blaze. Resisters were shot. The Germans threw hand grenades into Jewish homes. By the end of the day, 2,000 Jews were murdered. Similar horrors took place in Minsk.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Synagogue,_Białystok#/media/File:Synagoga_Nomer_Tamid_02.jpg

1941: German troops gathered in a synagogue courtyard in Niéswiez, Poland, beat and shoot exhausted Russian POWs.

1941(2^nd of Tammuz, 5701): Eighty-two year old San Francisco native Louis S. Hass, a “retired member of the stockbrokerage firm of Sutro and Company,” an “honorary president of the Pacific Hebrew Orphan Asylum and a member of the Jewish Children’s Welfare Bureau” passed away today in his home town with no relatives to mourn his passing.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1941/06/30/104294319.pdf

1941: Romanian Iron Guard Legionnaires, encouraged by the anti-Semitic policies of dictator Ion Antonescu, undertook the extermination of the Jews in Falesti. Thousands are killed.

1941: “Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu telephoned Col. Constantin Lupu, commander of the Iaşi garrison, telling him formally to "cleanse Iaşi of its Jewish population"

1942: In Manhattan, Jerry Schechter, “a garment center pattern maker who became a sculptor” and the former Ruth Lisa Lubin gave birth to Daniel Isaac Schechter “whose media criticism became a staple of Boston radio and who went on to champion human rights as an author, filmmaker and television producer.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/24/arts/television/danny-schechter-news-dissector-and-human-rights-activist-dies-at-72.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1943: “An enlarged and intensified program for Jewish religious education "to meet the needs of Jewish children in America in wartime and during the post-war period" was adopted today at a meeting of the board of governors of the American Association for Jewish Education in the Hotel Waldorf-Astoria.”

1943: The three day long convention of the Independent Order of B’rith Abraham began today with  speech by Grand Master Herman Hoffman in which he “outlined a broad program for rehabilitation of European Jews and other minorities as a post-war reconstruction project,”

1944(6^th of Tammuz, 5704): Jewish Resistance leader David "Dodo" Donoff, 24, is executed near Lyons, France.

1944: Almost one half million Jews have been sent to Auschwitz since May 15, 1944.

1944: After 475,000 Hungarian Jews had been deported, the Pope and the King of Sweden intervened with Horthy as did President Roosevelt who issued the ultimatum-like appeal to stop the brutal anti-Jewish persecutions.

1944: Following his meeting with Joel Brand, Moshe Sharett wrote in his report, "I must have looked a little incredulous, for he said: 'Please believe me: they have killed six million Jews; there are only two million left alive'."

1944: A report was given to officials in London that Captain Isidor Newman who was serving with SOE had been taken to a private house at Rue des Etats Unis in Paris that had been turned into a Gestapo prison.

1945: Birthdate of Amihai "Ami" Ayalon the native of Tiberias who grew up at Ma’agan co-founded by his father Yitzhak who “emigrated illegally from Romania and who served as a commander in the Israeli Navy before moving to a career in politics.

1945: Seventy two year old Emil Hacha, who as the last President of an “independent” Czechoslovakia bowed to personal pressure from Hitler and became the “State President of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia” where, regardless of what else he did to help or combat the Nazis, signed “into law legislation modeled after the Nuremberg Laws that meant the Jews were no longer Czech citizens in any sense of that term” passed away today.

1945: Having heard no further reply from Churchill over his request to suspend the White Paper of 1939, a bitter Chaim Weizmann told his colleagues that the “leaders of the Western world” had done what they had done to the Jews but did not have “to swallow it.” He continued saying that Churchill and Roosevelt had let the Jewish people down, “maybe not intentionally, but inadvertently.  They made promises which did not carry out or mean to carry out.”  He had no faith in the upcoming meeting of the Big Three – Stalin, Churchill and Truman because “nobody cared about what happened to the Jews.  Nobody had raised a finger to stop them from being slaughtered.”  And now they did not care about “the remnant which had survived.”  Weizmann, feeling broken and betrayed expressed his willingness to resign his leadership position regardless of the consequences.

1946: U.S. premiere of “A Letter for Evie” directed by Jules Dassin and filmed by cinematographer Karl Fruend.

1946: The Josiah Wood which arrived at Haifa today with “1,257 passengers who were interned at Athlit was later made a part of the Israel Navy under the name of “Hasomer,” K-18.

1947: In Manhattan, Morris Helprin the President of London Films and Broadway actress Eleanor Lynn Helprin gave birth to American novelist, journalist, conservative commentator, Mark Helprin.

1948: As Count Bernadotte finishes preparing the Peace Plan for Palestine that he will present tomorrow, General Lucius Clay cabled William Draper, the undersecretary of the Army, with a summary of the situation surrounding the Soviet blockade of Berlin which ends with a call for additional aircraft since the planes available can only supply 600 of the 2,000 tons need for the city. (Editor’s Note – two major international crises when the Presidential election is heating up and the American people are looking for post-war peace and prosperity.)

1948: Today, “The general officers of the nascent Israel Defense Forces were sworn-in in a ceremony.” (Jewish Virtual Library.

1949(30^th of Sivan, 5709): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz

1949(30^th of Sivan, 5709): Sixty-five year old Milton S. Yondorf, the “retired president of the S. Yondorf and Company, real estate and mortgage bankers” passed away today in Chicago.

1949: “Dr. Philipson Collapses” published today described the physical condition of Dr. David Philipson, “the dean of the American Reform Rabbinate” who is resting at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston where he was taken after he lost consciousness at the sixtieth annual convention of the Central Conference of American Rabbis.  The 87 year old cleric is the “oldest living graduate of the Hebrew Union College” and boasts that he has never missed one of these conferences.

1949: “Laboring Voice” published today described the birth of WFDR, a new non-profit FM station “back by the 400,000 members of the ILGWU headed by David Dubinsky.

1949: “Solomon Bennett, 1761-1838” by the Rev. Arthur Barnett was read today “before the Jewish Historical Society of England.

1950: As proof that the Western democracies had learned the lessons from the 1930’s  -- totalitarian dictatorships should not be allowed to engage in aggression – President Harry Truman announced that he was ordering U.S. forces to assist South Korea in repelling the attack from North Korea.

1950: Admiral Sir John Edelsten, Commander in Chief of the British Mediterranean Fleet completed a two-day courtesy visit to the Jewish state. The Admiral’s visit included stops at Haifa and Tel Aviv.

1951: The Jerusalem Post reported that 283,000 votes were cast for the Zionist Congress elections. According to the rough estimates Mapai was expected to send 103, Mapam 46, Hapoel Hamizrahi 26, Herut 21, Progressives 12 and Revisionists one delegate to the Congress. More than one million dollars worth of food parcels sent by relatives abroad arrived in Israel every month. About 70,000 such food packages were sent through commercial firms, and 40,000 were mailed directly by relatives.

1951: “Sirocco” a film based on Coup de Grace written by Joseph Kessel, directed by Curtis Bernhardt and co-starring Lee J. Cobb was released in the United Kingdom today.

1951: General Darius Paul Dassault, a hero of the French Resistance in WW II, was awarded the Médaille militaire.

1952(4^th of Tammuz, 5712): Seventy-three year old German born American mathematician Max Dehn passed away in North Carolina.

http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Dehn.html

1952: The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 also known as the McCarran-Walter Act was enacted today.

1953(14^th of Tammuz, 5713): Parashat Balak

1953: After 248 performances the curtain came down at the Lyceum Theatre on the original Broadway production of “Time Out For Ginger” starring Melvyn Doughals and Philip Loeb.

1954: Meir Har-Zion “in a seven man squad led by Major Aharon Davidi that launched a surprise attack on an Arab Legion camp at Azzun, 13 km east of Qalqilya” tonight.

1956(18^th of Tammuz, 5716): Fifty-four-year-old Newark, NJ native and NYU trained attorney Lionel P. Kristeller, the recently retired president of the New Jersey Bar Association and WW I veteran who was the husband of Helen Salmon Kristeller passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/06/28/issue.html

1957: “Sweet Smell of Success” a film based on novelette by Ernest Lehman with a script co-authored by Clifford Odets and co-starring Tony Curtis was released in the United States today.

1957: In New York City, Episcopalian remedial reading teaching Marnie Fahr and Roy Henry Steyer, a Jewish partner in the staid law firm of Sullivan and Cromwell gave birth to hedge fund manager who along with his wife Kate Taylor have used his fortune to support Democratic Party candidates and a variety of social justice initiatives including, ironically, “the Fair Shake Commission on Income Inequality and Middle Class Opportunity, which was intended to advocate policies for promoting income equality.”

1959(21^st of Sivan, 5719): Parashat Beha’alotcha

1959: This evening at the St. Moritz, Rabbi Charles E. Schulman officiated at the marriage of Linda Mazer and Leonard Berkowitz/

1959: It was reported today that “the state of Hesse has decreed that history lessons in the last grade of all state must in the future concentrate on the period after 1918” which came about because of the “recent disclosure that the great majority of school children were almost totally ignorant of the Nazi period.”

1960: In Bethesda, MD, a suburb of Washington, DC Jerry and Louise Mayer gave birth to Michael Mayer “who won his first Tony Award for his direction of the musical adaptation of Spring Awakening in 2006.

1960(2^nd of Tammuz, 5720): Sixty-seven-year-old Helene Baruch, the Gudensberg, Germany born daughter of Markus Levi-Elias and Veilchen Levi-Elias, the wife of Siegmund Salomon Baruch and the mother of Inge Baruch and Ellen Orenstein passed away today in Manhattan.

1960(2^nd of Tammuz, 5720): Seventy-seven year old German and University of Leipzig Dr. George Urdang, the “Professor Emeritus of the History of Pharmacy at the University of Wisconsin, founder of “the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy and husband of Gertrude Urdang with whom he had two daughters – Eva and Ursula – passed away today in Madison.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/06/28/99748175.pdf

https://academic.oup.com/jhmas/article-abstract/XV/4/427/781625?redirectedFrom=fulltext

1961(13^th of Tammuz, 5721): Seventy-one year old Rear Admiral Ellis Mark Zacharias, the Jacksonville, FL born son of Aaron and Theresa Budwig Zacharias and husband of “the former Clara Miller” with whom he raised two sons –Gerald and Ellis M Jr. – who graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1912, skippered the cruiser Salt Lake City at the start of WW II when “participated in the first United States counter-strikes against Wake and the Marshall Island and came to public attention “as a practitioner of psychological warfare” in the fight against Japan” passed away today. (Editor’s note – There is no way that this blog can do justice to his long, distinguished and exciting career.)

https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/research-guides/modern-biographical-files-ndl/modern-bios-z/zacharias--ellis-m-.html

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1961/06/29/118043378.pdf

1961(13^th of Tammuz, 5721): Seventy-five-year-old Lester Lazarus, the husband of Esther Lazarus and father of Robert Lazarus, “who retried eight years ago as vice president, J. Lazarus and Company, the umbrella manufacturers” passed away today in Jamaica, Queens

1963: After 257 performances the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre, the curtain came down on the final performance of the original Broadway production of “Little Me” the Neil Simon musical that featured “Sid Caesar in multiple stage accents playing all of the heroine’s husbands and lovers.”

1964(17^th of Tammuz, 5724): Parashat Balak

1964: NBC broadcast the final episode of “The Bullwinkle Show” a cartoon satire featuring a flying squirrel and talking moose featuring theme music by Frederick “Fred” Steiner

1965: In London “Stephen Eric Sebag Montefiore,” the descendant of Sephardi Jews and “Phyllis April Jaffé, the descendant of  Lithuanian Jewish family of scholars (talk about your mixed marriages) gave birth to author and historian Simon Sebag-Montefiore, a member of one of Britain’s oldest and most distinguished Anglo-Jewish families whose Jerusalem: The Biography is a must read for anybody with an interest in Jerusalem, the Middle East or the three so-called Abrahamic Faiths should read, while Dunkirk: Fight to the Last Man and Enigma: The Battle for the Code by his brother Hugh are two World War II histories that show an amazing depth and breadth of scholarship. (Can you imagine eating dinner with this family?)

1965: In New York, at the Sherry-Netherland, Rabbi Charles E. Shulman officiated at the marriage of Susan Ellen Kislak and Dr. Paul L. Schulman.

1966: In New York City television producer Gerald W. Abrams and executive producer Carol Ann Abrams (née Kelvin) gave birth to Jeffrey Jacob "J. J." Abrams

1967: An episode of Neil Simon’s “The Odd Couple,” a television program starring Tony Randall and Jack Klugman that had a baseball theme was filmed tonight at Shea Stadium, the day before the Mets played the Pirates.

1968(1st of Tammuz, 5728): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz

1969(11^th of Tammuz, 5729): Fifty-five year old Blanche Loeb Sundheim, the Philadelphia born daughter of Louise Silberman Langsdorf and Jacob Loeb Langsdorf and the wife of Harry G. Sundheim, Jr. passed away today in Chicago.

1969: Two days after she had passed away funeral services were scheduled to be held at noon today at the Universal Chapel for seventy-five year old Alene Stern Erlanger, the wife of Erlanger Mills and Barnard College graduate “who was responsible for the formation of the U.S.A.’s canine corps during WW II passed away today.

https://asteria.fivecolleges.edu/findaids/sophiasmith/mnsss243.html

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/06/26/78353833.pdf

1971: The New York Times featured a review of St. Urbain's Horseman by Mordecai Richler

1972: It was reported today that “two time world welterweight champion Jackie Fields,” “one of the few welterweight title holders ever to regain the title” after losing and a Gold Medal Winner at the 1924 Olympics “has been officially inducted into the United Saveings-Helms Hall of Boxing Fame in ceremonies at the Tropicana Hotel and Country Club.“

1973: “Scream Blacula Scream” filmed by cinematographer Isidore Mankofsky was released in the United States today.

1973: “Live and Let Die,” the eighth spy film in the James Bond series co-produced by Harry Saltzman, with a screenplay by Tom Mankiewicz and co-starring Yaphet Kotto was released today in the United States.

1974: Birthdate of Mariano Idelman the Argentine native who became a popular Israeli television personality.

1974: “Thirty seven Vilnius Jews protested to the Communist Party Central Committee against the arbitrary arrests of Jewish activists on the eve of President Nixon’s visit.”

1974: “Forty American and 6 British scientists were denied entry visas to participate in a refusenik scientists’ seminar.”

1974: “Professor Benjamin Levich’s sons Evgeny who had been released from the army on May 24^th was informed that he would be allowed to leave for Israel within six weeks.”

1974: The KGB placed Vitali Rubin under house arrest.

1974: “Nine Minsk Jews including 4 former Red Army officers and 4 Jews in Odessa began a hunger strike in support of emigration.”

1974: “Fifteen Kishinev Jewish activists who demonstrated against delays in granting of exit visas were arrested and sentenced to 10-15 days in prison.”

1974: On the same day that the third Nixon-Brezhnev Summit opened in Moscow, Andrei Sakharov began a hunger strike to “draw world attention to the plight of political prisoners in the USSR” including the Jews who want to leave for Israel.

1976: “An archaeological dig uncovered the Golan site of the ancient Jewish fortress of Bamla, which was destroyed by Vespasian in the early stages of the rebellion against Rome in the year 67.” (As reported by Abraham Bloch)

1976: The Jerusalem Post reported that US President Gerald Ford finally upped the transitional aid to Israel to $275,000,000 and presented this as his final offer to the Congress for approval. A new, $15,000,000 center for cancer and allied diseases was opened at the Sharett Institute of Oncology at the Ein Karem Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center in Jerusalem.

1976: News broke that four hijackers from the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the German Revolutionary Cells had captured an Air France flight from Tel Aviv to Paris. The plane was diverted to Entebbe in Uganda, where it was held pending terrorist demands for the release of 53 Palestinian prisoners from Israeli and various European jails. The separation of Jewish passengers from among the hostages particularly alarmed the authorities in Jerusalem.

1976: A revival of Rodgers and Hart’s “Pal Joey” opened at the Circle in the Square Theatre.

1976: After 193 performances the curtain came down on Stephen Sondheim’s “Pacific Overtures” a musical directed by Harold Prince with scenic designs by Boris Aronson.

1977(11^th of Tammuz, 5737): Seventy-nine year old Budapest born and University of Chicago trained organic chemist Dr. Louis Sattler, “a retired Brooklyn College professor of Chemistry” and the husband of “the former Julia Kaufmann” with whom he had one son, James, passed away today.

1978: Refusnik Simon Shnirman went on trial at Zaporozhye

1978: Morton I. Abramowitz began serving as U.S. Ambassador to Thailand.

1979(2^nd of Tammuz, 5739): Seventy-eight-year-old Columbia trained journalist Theodore Menline Bernstein, the New York born son of Saul and Sarah Bernstein who was “an assistant managing editor of The New York Times, a journalism education and an authority on the use of the English language” passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1979/06/28/archives/tm-bernstein-dies-language-authority-and-extimes-editor-tm.html

1982: In Rio de Janeiro, “Bernard Rajzman, a former professional volleyball player and Michelle Wollens, a former professional figure skater” gave birth to surfer Philp Wollens Rajzman

1984: After more than 59 years of use, the closing of “the Greenville Hall synagogue at Dublin’s South Central Circular Road” which had been led by Jack Segal who had followed in his father’s footsteps as President, marked “the end of an epoch when the close-knit Jewish community was concentrated almost entirely in the one small area and Greenville Hall was the center of that compact universe.” (As reported by The Irish Times)

1985(8^th of Tammuz, 5745): Sixty-six-year-old Sioux City, IA born WW II veteran Morris Mirkin, the founder of Budget Rent-a-Car Corporation and the founder of the Morris Mirkin Foundation which was dedicated to helping children with learning disabilities passed away today in Beverly Hillls.

1986: “Ruthless People” a dark version of the concept from the short story “Ransom of Red Chief” directed by “David Zucker, Jim Abrahams and Jerry Zucker” and co-starring Bette Midler was released today in the United States.

1986: Jewish television Judge Joseph “Wapner appeared on the Tonight Show to hear a case of David Letterman vs. Johnny Carson over alleged damage to the headlight of Letterman's pickup truck when Carson had the truck towed to the studio. Wapner ruled in favor of Letterman, granting him $24.95”

1987: Daniel Barenhboim is scheduled to conduct his final in a series of concerts with the IPO that include performances by members of the Paris Opera all of which are part of the celebrations marking the 50^th anniversary of the founding the Israeli Philharmonic Orchestra.

1989(24^th of Sivan, 5749): Seventy-eight year old philosopher and author “Sir Alfred Jules ‘Freddie’ Ayer also known as A.J. Ayer” the London born son of Reine Citroën, a member of a Dutch-Jewish family who founded the Citroën car company in France” and “Jules Ayer, a Swiss Calvinist financier who worked for the Rothschild family passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/29/world/c-a-j-ayer-dead-in-britain-at-78-philosopher-of-logical-positivism-914989.html

1991(15^th of Tammuz, 5751): Sixty-nine year old New York born WW II veteran Milton Subotsky best known for co-founding with Max J. Rosenberg, Amicus Productions which churned out “low budget science fiction and horror films” passed away in his adopted homeland of Great Britain which was the home of his wife “Dr. Fiona Subotsky, is a prominent London psychiatrist, and an historian of psychiatry.”

http://www.classic-monsters.com/milton-subotsky/

http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/186526%7C113495/Milton-Subotsky/

1993: “After 487 performances and 23 previews” the curtain came down on the original Broadway production of “Falsettos,” a musical with a book co-authored by William Finn who also wrote the music and lyrics

1994: Alan Blinder began serving as Vice Chairperson of the Federal Reserve System.

1997: “Face/Off” a dark, bizarre crime film co-starring Gina Gershon was released in the United States today.

1997: Two weeks after premiering at the New Amsterdam Theatre, “Hercules” an animated musical with a score by Alan Menken was released in the United States.

1999(13^th of Tammuz, 5759): Ninety-three year old dermatologist Abraham “Dutch” Koransky, the Purdue University fullback, graduate of the University of Chicago’s Rush Medical School and decorated WW II Army Veteran who practiced medicine until 1985, passed away today.

http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-06-30/news/9906300321_1_dermatology-chicago-alexian-brothers-medical-center

1999: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Holocaust in American Life by Peter Novick.

2000: U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright arrives in Israel. She met with Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat.

2000: NBC airs the final episode of Veronica’s Closet, a sitcom created by David Crane and Marta Kaufman.

2001:One feature “of a broad set of guidelines on conversion to Judaism that will embrace traditional practices once rejected by Reform leaders, urge that converts make certain commitments to Jewish life and also formally extend a strong welcome to men and women considering converting” which are expected to be adopted today “by the Central Conference of American Rabbis at its annual meeting here, would overturn an 1893 resolution holding that traditional practices like immersing a prospective convert in a ritual bath, or mikveh, are no longer necessary.”

2002: Rabbi Baruch Lanner “was convicted of sexually abusing two teenage girls.”

2002:  In recognition of his successful efforts to save thousands of Jews from the Nazis in France, Secretary of State Colin Powell presented a posthumous "Constructive Dissent" award to the children of Hiram Bingham IV at an American Foreign Service Officers Association awards ceremony in Washington, DC.

2003(27th of Sivan, 5763): “Sgt. Maj. Erez Ashkenazi, 21, of Kibbutz Reshafim, an Israeli navy commando, was killed in an operation in Gaza to capture a Hamas cell, believed responsible for several bombings and the firing of anti-tank missiles in the Netzarim area.” (Jewish Virtual Library)

2003(27^th of Sivan, 5763): Eighty-nine year old Dr. Arthur “Archie” Kameros, the “four year starting center for LIU-Brooklyn in the mid-1930’s and graduate of the Columbia University School of Dentistry and Bronze Star winning U.S. Army WW II veteran passed away today in Lake Worth, FL.

2003: Two days after he had passed away, funeral services are scheduled today “The Riverside” for Hyman Aaron, the husband of Betty Aaron and the brother of Samuel, Helen, Abraham and Solomon Hyman.

2004(8th of Tammuz, 5764): St.-Sgt. Roi Nissim, 20, of Rishon Lezion, was killed and five other soldiers were wounded when their outpost in the Gaza Strip was blown up by Hamas terrorists who tunneled under the position and detonated a massive explosive charge

2004: Three days after she passed away, funeral services were held for Olga Rubinow, “the child psychologist and specialist in the emotional health of children who was the wife Walter A. Lurie and the daughter of Sophie Himwich Rubinow and “Dr. I.M. Rubinow, a noted authority on and advocate for Social Security.”

2004:  Israel's renowned composer and songwriter Naomi Shemer was laid to rest today at 6 p.m. in Kvutzat Kinneret cemetery in the Galilee, where many of Israel's pioneers are buried. Shemer is known to many as the composer of the famous song ”Y'rushalayim Shel Zahav" or in English, "Jerusalem of Gold."  For those of you who saw "Shindler's List" this was the song played at the end of the movie when the film turned from black and white to color as the survivors were shown visiting the Shindler's grave.  The song was written at the request of Jerusalem Mayor Teddy Kolek in 1967 several weeks before the outbreak of the Six Day War.  The song expresses the longing of a person for Jerusalem who has to view the Old City from the opposite side of the Green Line.  In one of those ironic twists of history, "the song became the war's anthem.  She was 74 when she passed away on Saturday, June 26, in Tel Aviv's Ichilov Hospital.  The famous chorus of the song is follows:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhvX0ipYLSQ

"Y'rushalayim shel zahav, v'shel n'choshet v'shel or; Halo l'chold shi-rayich ani kinor

Jerusalem of gold, of copper and of light, Behold I am harp for all your songs."

JERUSALEM OF GOLD

The mountain air is clear as water

The scent of pines around

Is carried on the breeze of twilight,

And tinkling bells resound.

The trees and stones there softly slumber,

A dream enfolds them all.

So solitary lies the city,

And at its heart -- a wall.

Oh, Jerusalem of gold, and of light and of

bronze,
I am the lute for all your songs.

The wells ran dry of all their water,

Forlorn the market square,

The Temple Mount dark and deserted,

In the Old City there.

And in the caverns in the mountain,

The winds howl to and fro,

And no-one takes the Dead Sea highway,

That leads through Jericho.

Oh, Jerusalem of gold, and of light and of

bronze,
I am the lute for all your songs.

But as I sing to you, my city,

And you with crowns adorn,

I am the least of all your children,

Of all the poets born.

Your name will scorch my lips for ever,

Like a seraph's kiss, I'm told,

If I forget thee, golden city,

Jerusalem of gold.

Oh, Jerusalem of gold, and of light and of

bronze,
I am the lute for all your songs.

The wells are filled again with water,

The square with joyous crowd,

On the Temple Mount within the City,

The shofar rings out loud.

Within the caverns in the mountains

A thousand suns will glow,

We'll take the Dead Sea road together,

That runs through Jericho.

Oh, Jerusalem of gold, and of light and of

bronze,

I am the lute for all your songs.

2004(8th of Tammuz, 5764): Mordechai Yosefov, 49, and three-year-old, Afik Zahavi, were killed outside a kindergarten when Palestinian terrorists in Gaza launched Kassam rockets into the southern Israeli city of Sderot. Zahavi's mother, Miriam, was seriously injured in the attack, and is struggling to recover in a local hospital.

2004: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including 'Letters, 1928-1946': The Book of Isaiah (Berlin) by Sir Isaiah Berlin and 'Sweet Land Stories': The Call of the Wild Ones by E.L. Doctorow

2005:  Author and Civil War Historian Shelby Foote passes away at the age of 88.  A native of Greenville, Mississippi, Foote’s father was not Jewish.  However, his mother’s family was.  As a youngster, Foote regularly attended services.  He “stopped being Jewish” because he found himself having to play the role of an outsider twice over.  He was a Southerner and he was Jewish.  He could only devote himself to one of these and he chose his Southern heritage.  It is ironic that the man who came to personify Civil War for a whole a generation of television viewers and whose drawl was the best that the Southern tongue could offer was a Jew. 

2005: The United States Air Force appointed Rabbi Arnold Resnicoff, who had served as a chaplain for 25 years in the United States Navy, to the newly-created position of Special Assistant (for Values and Vision) to the Secretary and Chief of Staff of the U.S. Air Force

2005: Today, McLaughlin and Associates concluded a poll commissioned by the Zionist Organization of America.

2005: Rabbi Arnold E. Resnicoff who had served 25 years as a Chaplain in the United States Navy began serving “as Special Assistant to the Secretary of the Air Force and Chief of Staff of the Air Force

2006(1^st of Tammuz, 5766): Rosh Chodesh Tammuz 2006: Rabbi, Arnold E. Resnicoff completed his one year assignment as Special Assistant to the Secretary of the Air Force and Chief of Staff of the Air Force. He was awarded the Air Force Decoration of Exceptional Civilian Service for his years’ worth of work.

 2006: Chaim Saban’s “Saban Capital Group led a group of investors bidding for Univision Communications, the largest Spanish-language media company in the United States.”

2006: Yitro Asheri submitted a report to police say that his son Eliyahu was missing (Unbeknownst to the father, the son had been kidnapped by terrorists two days earlier and was dead by now.)

2007: David Milliband’s last day as Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

2007: In Jerusalem, legendary Israeli composer/singer Shlomo Gronich presents his newest compositions of biblical sources on a wide spectrum of themes: justice, righteousness, integrity, man and his identity, love songs & prayers. Performance includes Gronich on piano & shofar, the Jerusalem String Quartet and percussion.

2007: Dr. Ashraf Marwan, an Egyptian businessman identified as the Mossad agent who tipped Israel off on the eve of the Yom Kippur War about the coming surprise attack was found dead outside his home in London's Mayfair neighborhood. Dr. Ashraf Marwan was the son-in-law of the Egyptian President, Gamal Abdel Nasser.  There is a dispute as to whether Marwan was really a spy for Israel or whether he was in a double agent who was feeding disinformation to his Israeli handlers.

2007: Social justice was the theme of the first Jurisprudence Awards dinner sponsored by the Jewish Council on Urban Affairs at the Hilton Chicago.  The event raised $50,000 for the work of the Jewish Council on Urban Affairs which began during the civil rights struggles of the 1960s and how promotes social justice through working with community organizations in Chicago.

2007(11^th of Tammuz, 5767): Ninety-year old Albert Wattenberg “one of the scientists who worked with Enrico Fermi on the first controlled release of nuclear energy” passed away today.

http://vineyardgazette.com/obituaries/2007/07/06/albert-wattenberg-90-pioneered-nuclear-energy

2009: The final performance of “Dov and Ali” by Anna Ziegler, at the Cherry Lane Studio Theater, in the West Village. The drama revolves around the relationship between Dov, a high school teacher and Orthodox Jew, and Ali, a 17-year-old student and strict Muslim.

2009: David Anthony Freud “was created a life peer as Baron Freud, of Eastry in the county of Kent,and became a shadow minister for welfare in the House of Lords.”

2009: At the Durham Performing Arts Center, the Cedar Lake Contemporary Ballet presents the final performance Israeli modern choreographer Ohad Naharin's “Decadance” which was acclaimed by The New York Times as "dancing that pulls viewers right out of their seats.”

2009: Today, the London-based A-sharq Al-awast reported that a deal trading Shalit for over 1,000 Hamas prisoners was imminent. Hamas leader Haniyeh, however, said that reports of a breakthrough on Shalit negotiations were exaggerated. Israeli sources also continued to deny any impending deal.

2010: The Jewish Feast-ival is scheduled to take place at The Jewish Center in Rock Island, Illinois.

2010: "The Adventures of Hershele Ostropolyer," a new musical adaptation of the classic Yiddish play by Moyshe Gershenson, is scheduled to have its final performance at The Baruch Performing Arts Center, 55 Lexington Avenue.

2010: The New York Times featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Faith and Power: Religion and Politics in the Middle East by Bernard Lewis and Crisis Economics: A Crash Course in the Future of Finance by Nouriel Roubini and Stephen Mihm.

2010: Jews from more than 15 countries are scheduled to compete in a “Jewish World Cup" in New York today

2010(15^th of Tammuz, 5770): Martin David Ginsburg “an internationally renowned taxation law expert” who “was Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, D.C. and of counsel to the law firm Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson” passed away today.  He was the husband of Associate Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. (As reported by Gardiner Harris)

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/28/us/28ginsburg.html?_r=1

2011: Israeli violinist Misha Vitenson and the Jupiter musicians are scheduled to perform Beethoven’s brilliant Sextet for 2 virtuoso horns and string quartet, the Flute Quartet in E Minor by his pupil Ferdinand Ries, Webern’s Romantic Langsamer Satz, and the Brahms String Quartet No. 3 in B-flat Major at the Church for All Nations in New York City.

2011: Kiryat Arba Chief Rabbi Dov Lior, one of the senior figures of religious Zionism, was arrested today after he refused to appear for questioning for his endorsement of the controversial book, “Torat Hamelech,” which justifies killing non-Jews.

2011: Today Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's inner cabinet instructed the Israel Defense Forces to be firm in preventing the flotilla from reaching the Gaza Strip while operating with maximal restraint to avoid causing injuries. The senior government ministers also instructed the Foreign Ministry to continue its diplomatic efforts to prevent the flotilla from setting sail to Gaza. 

2011: Israeli director Guilhad Emilio Schenker won an award at the Detroit Windsor International Film Festival 2011 today for his short film Lavan.  He picked up the award for Best Short Film, a week after he received the Best Director Prize at a Washington film festival.

2011: Kiryat Arba Chief Rabbi Dov Lior, one of the senior figures of religious Zionism, was arrested today after he refused to appear for questioning for his endorsement of the controversial book, “Torat Hamelech,” which justifies killing non-Jews.

2011(25^th of Sivan, 5771): Ninety-seven year old Rabbi Michel Yehuda Lefokowitz passed away today.

2012: The Jewish Community Relations Council of Greater Washington, The American Jewish Committee, and The American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists are scheduled to present the next session in its brown bag lunch speakers’ series: “Haunting Legacy: Vietnam and the American Presidency from Ford to Obama” with Marvin and Deborah Kalb.

2012: Six months after its first screening at the Sundance film festival, the rest of the United States has its first opportunity to view “Beasts of the Southern Wild,” an “American fantasy drama film directed by Benh Zeitlin.”

2012: "Going Up: Jerusalem" - a pilgrimage by artists, social activists and intellectuals that is inspired by social protests in Israel and abroad is scheduled to come to an end.

2012: Funeral services are scheduled to be held at B'nai Israel Synagogue, 2601 Chestnut St. in Wilmington, NC for of Wendy Block, z”l, of Wrightsville Beach, NC. She was the former chair of the Network of Independent Communities of The Jewish Federations of North America, former board member of National Women’s Philanthropy and campaign vice chair for National Women’s Philanthropy. Mrs. Block passed away on June 25 at the age of 72.

2012: The Library of Congress obtained the papers of astronomer Carl Sagan, the son of Ukrainaian-Jewish immigrants.

2012(7^th of Tammuz, 5772): Two Israel Navy officers were killed in a car crash on Highway 4 near Rishon Lezion early this morning.  An initial investigation into the accident revealed that the officers, Captain Omri Shahar, 25, of Kfar Saba and First Lieutenant Rafael Bublil, 22, of Ramat Gan, were killed when their car collided with a truck and overturned at Holot Junction.

2012: Deep divides were exposed between coalition factions today over the terms of legislation being formulated to raise the number of ultra-Orthodox men in national-service programs.

2012: In “How Iran Killed Its Future” published today Shahrzad Elghanayan described how the execution of Habib Elghanian, Iran’s most prominent Jewish industrialist and philanthropist, was a turning point for the country.

2012: “A small group of men gathered at the small cemetery of Rehovot to pay respects to 53 year old Aharon Zandani of blessed memory a pillar of Yemen’s Jewish community who was murdered in Sanaa. (As reported by Elhanan Miller)

2012: Barry Landau, a “collector of presidential memorabilia” who was convicted of stealing thousands of historic documents “was sentenced to seven years in prison” and ordered to pay $45,525 to dealers to whom he had sold stolen items.

2013: In the UK, The Wiener Library is scheduled to host a book launch of Ruta’s Closet , “the harrowing and astonishing true story of how a Lithuanian Jewish family fought to escape the deadly clutches of Hitler’s Final Solution.”

2013: Joan Silber, the novelist and short story writer who won PEN/Hemingway Award for Household Words took part in a book signing at Barnes and Noble.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Silber#/media/File:JoanSilberLaughing.JPG

2013: Today, Nicholas “Winton received the Wallenberg Medal in London.”

2013:  JCCNV and the Jewish Community Relations Council are scheduled to present an evening with Elliot Abrams who will discussion the Israeli-Palestinian relationship under President George W. Bush.

2013: Adas Israel Congregation, EntryPoint DC, and The Foundation for Jewish Studies are scheduled to present a talk by Dr. Allan Lichtman author of FDR and the Jews at the Lillian & Albert Small Jewish Museum

2013: Israel is the center of the world “in so many ways,” the archbishop of Canterbury said today in Jerusalem. He stressed Israel’s legitimacy and right to security, and also spoke, in the context of persecution of Christians by Islamists in the Middle East, about the Christian imperative to “love our enemies.”

2013: Tel Avis White Night begins

2014: “G-D’s Honest Truth” featuring Marcia Jean Kurtz and David Deblinger is scheduled to be performed at the 14^th Street Y.

2014: Eighty-two year old poet Allen Grossman passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/30/arts/allen-grossman-a-poets-poet-and-scholar-dies-at-82.html?hpw&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpHedThumbWell&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

2014: “Friday LIVE” is scheduled to start this morning at Tel Aviv

2014: The first round the Temple Menorah annual rummage sale in Milwaukee, WI is scheduled to come to an end.

2014: The IAF scored a direct hit on a car carrying two Palestinian terrorists who “were involved in a cell responsible for the repeated rocket fire on Israel’s southern cities over the past several weeks and were planning several terror attacks on Israeli civilians. (As reported by Lazar Berman)

2014: Six rockets were fired from Gaza into southern Israel today, two of which were intercepted by Iron Dome and four of which landed in “open territory.” (Times of Israel Staff)

2014: “New York Mayor Bill De Blasio delivered the keynote address tonight at Congregation Beit Simchat Torah, the world’s largest LGBT synagogue and a pioneering Jewish presence in the New York Pride Parade.” (As reported by Brian Schaefer)

2014: “Stations of the Elevated” a “1981 documentary film by Manfred Kirchheimer about graffiti in New York City’ was re-released today.

2015: The Eden-Tamir Music Center is scheduled to host “The Best Miniatures for Two and Three Clarinets Solo.”

2015: In Coralville, Iowa Congregation Agudas Achim is scheduled to a special luncheon following “Rabbi Jeff’s Last Shabbat.”

2015(10^th of Tammuz, 5775): Sixty-seven year old animator Jane Aaron who specialized in works for children passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts).

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/06/arts/television/jane-aaron-filmmaker-whose-animation-sprouted-on-sesame-street-dies-at-67.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

2015: An earthquake measuring 5.5 on the Richter Scale “was felt in several Israeli cities” this morning.

2015: In Herzliya Pituach, Trioche is scheduled to host an auction of Israeli and International Art.

http://tiroche.lndit.com/158new.htm

2016(21st of Sivan, 5776): One hundred three year old Simon Ramo, the son of Jewish immigrants, the technology guru who co-founded TRW passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/30/business/simon-ramo-dies-at-103-helped-develop-icbms-in-the-cold-war.html?_r=1

2016(21^st of Sivan, 5776): Eighty-seven year old Alvin Toffler, the author of Future Shock, passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/30/books/alvin-toffler-author-of-future-shock-dies-at-87.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2016(21^st of Sivan, 5776: Photographer Dave Heath passed away today in Toronto on his 85^th birthday.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/02/arts/dave-heath-photographer-of-isolation-dies-at-85.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2016: While attending a meeting of the Jewish Agency Board of Governors in Paris, Natan Sharansky, “the head of the Jewish Agency for Israel said” today that “French Jewish have no future” in that country because of “Arab immigration to France and deep-seated anti-Semitism.”

2016: “The Legacy of Absence Gallery” which features ”the work of influential international artists expressing the impact of genocide and other atrocities” is scheduled to close today at the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center and will not reopen until the Fall of 2017.

2016: “Norman Lear: Just Another Version of You” is scheduled to be shown at the 24^th Portland Oregon Jewish Film Festival.

2016: Liverpool MP Luciana Berger who became Luciana Clare Goldsmith when she “married Liverpool music manager Alistair Goldsmith at the city's Princes Road Synagogue in June 2015” resigned her position as Shadow Minister for Mental Health today.

2017: The Sacramento Historical Society is scheduled to host a lecture by Lynn Downey, the author of Levi Straus: The Man Who Gave Blue Jeans to the World.

2017: In Jackson, Mississippi, The Institute of Southern Jewish Life’s annual Education Conference is scheduled to come to an end today.

2017: The British National Theater Live Productions are scheduled to  be shown at the Jerusalem Cinematheque

2017(3^rd of Tammuz, 5777): Third of Tammuz marks the Yahrzeit of Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson, of Righteous Memory, known simple as “the Rebbe.”

http://www.chabad.org/therebbe/article_cdo/aid/142232/jewish/3-Tammuz.htm

2018: After having visited Yad Vasham yesterday where is great-grandmother, Princess Alice is honored for rescue of Jews, today, Prince William who is making the first official by a member of the Royal Family to Israel, is scheduled to visit Tel Aviv this morning to take part in what is being described as a “cultural event.”

2018: As “Firefighters battled to fight five blazes sparked by incendiary devices flown toward Israeli communities from Gaza” today, Economy and Industry Minister Eli Cohen said that those who launch the kites from Gaza should be targeted, as the safety of Israelis living in the vicinity of the coastal enclave must be the first priority.”

2018: The Si-Yo Music Society Foundation and the International Institute of China are scheduled to “present “Symphonic Reflections”, a rich cross-cultural concert performed by China-based Israeli pianist Shai Rosenboimz” at the Lincoln Center’s Bruno Walter Auditorium.

2018: At part of the “Home: Lens on Israel” series, the Temple Emanuel Streicker Center is scheduled to open the photographic exhibition “Children in the Southern Development Town of Kiryat Gat.”

2018: Paul Shapiro is scheduled to perform at Russ and Daughters Kosher Herring Pairing Party this evening at The Jewish Museum.

2019: “Working Woman” is scheduled to be shown at the “16^th Annual Israeli Film Festival” in Ottawa, Canada.

2019: The YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to present a lecture in Yiddish by Eugene Orenstein on “A Birdseye View of the Development of Yiddish Literature and Culture.”

2019: JW3 is scheduled to host two screenings of “Inside The Mossad.”

2019: This evening in London, Israeli Asher Tlalim, “the Head of FilmLab” is scheduled to deliver the lecture in the series “A Brief History of Cinema.”

http://ukjewishfilm.org/event/filmlab-brief-history-cinema-part-1/

2019: It was reported today that yesterday Palestinians had “poured scorn on the Trump administration’s $50 billion investment plan to help achieve Middle East peace, but that U.S. Gulf Arab allies had said the economic initiative had promise if a political settlement is reached.” (As reported by YNET and Reuters)

2020(5^th of Tammuz, 5780): Parashat Korach;

2020(5^th of Tammuz, 5780): On Hebrew calendar, day “set aside as a memorial fast day for the estimated 50,000 Ukrainian Jews who had last their lives in Uman and other cities during the Haidmamack uprising under Gonta and Zhelenyak

2020: After dropping off the ingredients and instructions for Hummus, the Fairmont Young Professions are scheduled to host via Facebook a “short Havdalah service led by Rabbi Joshua Caruso.

2020: Via Zoom jHub is scheduled to host “a family friendly event” where attendees learn how to make no-rise bagels.

2020: The Eden Tamir Center is scheduled to “The Best of Chamber Music” featuring Dima Pocitari– violin; Kiril Michanovsky – cello; and Julia Gurvich – piano

2020: As Shabbat is observed, residents of Bat Yam, which was designated a restricted zone after 40 new coronavirus cases were found in the central coastal city in just three days are learning to live with “a new normal” because educational institutions have been closed, gatherings of more than 10 people have been banned and authorities have increased enforcement at weddings and other venue.

2021(17^th of Tammuz, 5781): Shiva Asar Be-Tammuz (Seventeenth of Tammuz)

2021: Wilderness Torah is scheduled to present an in-person day of nature, connection and reflection in honor of the ancient fast commemorating the breach of the walls of Jerusalem before the destruction of the Temple.

2021: The National Library of Israel is scheduled to present online “The Diary of an Exile” a “talk that will examine the experience of Jewish migration to Ireland during the so-called mass emigration period (1881-1914), using a little-known resource acquired by the National Library of Israel in 2016: the journal of Myer Joel Wigoder, who left Lithuania in 1889 and ended up in Dublin around a year later, by way of Antwerp, Amsterdam and Leeds.”

2021: The Israeli American Council of Boston is schedule to present “Israel’s May 2021 War” during “which Itamar Marcus, founder and director of Palestinian Media Watch, analyzes the underlying cause of the recent Hamas rocket attack on Israel and Jerusalem Day, which triggered a short war and Israeli-Arab attacks on Jews across Israel.”

2021: Congregation Beth David is scheduled to present genealogy expert Ellen Kowitt who will introduce “websites such as Ancestry, FamilySearch and MyHeritage, with a focus on how to find Jewish data.”

2021: Shir Joy Chorus is scheduled to present its last fully virtual concert with a combination of virtual choirs, courtyard chorus and live commentary

2021: Yiddish singer-accordionist Jeanette Lewicki, clarinetist Sheldon Brown and bassist Richard Saunders are scheduled to play songs “from Bessarabia to Brooklyn” “at Congregation Shir Hadash parking lot.

2021: The Friends of the Arava Institute are scheduled to celebrate the Arava Institute’s 25th anniversary at an evening hosted by award-winning performer Mandy Patinkin.

2021: JWA is scheduled to host a panel discussion on “The Revolution and Impact of the Encyclopedia of Jewish Women, 1995–2021, with Deborah Dash Moore, David Ellenson, Rachel Harris, Alma Heckman, and Jennifer Sartori, moderated by Judith Rosenbaum

2021: In Atlanta, at the Breman Museum Tony Casadonte is scheduled to lead the final the final tour of “a Jazz Memoir: Photography by Herb Snitzer.”

2021: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Morningside Heights by Joshua Henkin, The Holly: Five Bullets, One Gun, and the Struggle to Save an American Neighborhood by Julian Rubinstein and the recently released paperback edition of Billion Dollar Loser: The Epic Rise and Spectacular Fall of Adam Neumann and WeWork, by Reeves Wiedeman.

https://jewishreviewofbooks.com/american-jewry/11083/weshtick/

2022: The American Jewish Association Annual Conference is scheduled to continue for a second day.

2022: After talks with between the Israel’s Teachers Union and the Finance Minister yesterday “advanced significantly” schools in Israel are scheduled to open normally today. (As reported by Tobias Siegal)

2022: The London School of Jewish Studies is scheduled to present, online, Dr Shaina Trapedo, an expert on early modern literature for “Shakespeare and the Talmud” during which  she will address timeless Talmudic questions in Shakespeare’s seminal works.

2022: The 2022 Arthur and Rochelle Belfer National Conference for Educators, a virtual event sponsored by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled begin today.

2023: Lockdown University is scheduled to host a lecture by Jeremy Rosen on “Magic, Superstition and the Jews.”

2023: The Museum at Eldridge Street is scheduled to “ Musical Connections to the Lower East Side” an in-person program where attendees will “enjoy a selection of favorite songs from stage and screen- like White Christmas, Beauty and the Beast, and Rhapsody in Blue - and their connection to the musical traditions of the Lower East Side's Jewish Community.”

2023: The Virtual Belfer National Conference for Educators, sponsored by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to continue for a second day.